Do you see no mystery, no romance,
no wondering what it is all about,
in science?

Does every probability
Exist or only what we see?
There’s mystery!

We and our fellow-creatures
Are made of the stuff of distant stars,
That’s romance.

– Wendy Shutler

The furthest reaches of the mysteries surrounding some of the deep questions of life may be beyond our ken to answer at present but science is peeling back some of the outlying shrouds.

Why take a cue from the behaviour-pattern that is said to typify the Ostridge?  We should consider all the new evidence that comes to light.  Light arguably is shed on aspects of our belief systems by scientific discoveries. If so, what is their possible significance?

There are several scientists or former scientists who take the view that spirituality and an understanding of th human condition can be based on scientific findings.  References to some of these teachers are on the ‘Links’ page of this website under both ‘Spiritual Matters’ and ‘Science’ but what exactly is the science that propels us in this direction; how certain is it?  Truth – be it of the nature of the world, or Nirvana, outer space, or numbers etc – is rarely understood by gazing at equations or considering entities such as quarks or neutrons.   They can carry someone originating a theory part of the way but fuller realisation can come in a ‘Eureka’ moment.  It is rare that a new Big Idea finds instant universal acceptance or acclaim but it behoves us to keep an open mind about some of the thinking that has been going on by people who know their science.   Hypotheses based on evidence may fall short of proofs as needed in a court room or a laboratory but may be allowable pro tem even if the jury is still out.  Not all scientific experimentation or the conclusions drawn from it stack up but earnest, expert experiments to try to tease out deep meanings deserve an open-minded hearing.

What do the findings, or some of the findings, tell us about the significance of our beliefs?

What exactly are the findings in modern science that may have these far-reaching effects on our perception of our place in the cosmos?

Below are some of the questions in this context:

  • In what way if any are we connected to everything around us?
  • Can there be communication perhaps at a distance ‘remotely’ between people and/or other entities?  If so, by what means might it be conducted if not by language?
  • is there a fundamental animating spirit in our biological make-up? If so, what might this animating spirit be?
  • What kind of universe is it that we are in?
  • If man is not the architect of himself, does this imply that there is another ‘architect’?   If so, what deductions about ‘it’ does rigorous conjecture lead?
  • We come from the stars; is our composition or consciousness different in kind from what is in the cosmos; if so why should this be the case?
  • Do the recent revelations about the workings of the human body including its sub-atomic parts have a relevance to what and who we are and, if so, what is it?
  • What do discoveries about the natural world have to tell us about ourselves?
  • What Is the connection between consciousness and quantum physics?
  • Can human biology be physically changed by human intention?  If so, how?

The Brain of Einstein

Einstein’s brain was preserved after his death in 1955, but this fact was not revealed until 1978.

More on this Subject

Review: ‘Who Am I’ by Brian Mayne

Review: ‘Who Am I’ by Brian Mayne

Brian Mayne has written lucidly of his spiritual journey. His life style is testimony to the efficacy of his ideas, combining as he does his work on himself with a successful business career ‘Just a few ever wonder who they really are, even fewer seriously explore the topic, and only the rarest manages the direct experience of realizing the core self. Although becoming conscious of it is a rare attainment, this ‘core self’ is accessible to all and naturally part of what we each are as ...
Review: Allon Bacon – Out of my Hands

Review: Allon Bacon – Out of my Hands

Bacon is discussing ‘a part of man’s total presence and energy which is on a finer or higher level than the merely physical .,,, There are energies, levels of communication, and forces at work both within and without, which are wondrous in the extreme. One of these forces is man’s capacity to self-heal.’ This is a man of an analytic mind, well-educated and coming from an affluent social mileau. He was training to be a doctor when struck down by life-threatening ill health. He allowed ...
Consciousness

Consciousness

One of the conundrums that nowadays particularly intrigues the reflecting world in that of consciousness. We all have it but what is it and what if anything is particular to the human race in possessing it? Is it likely that we alone have the key to understanding what is going on - - or perhaps the key is illusory?
Review: Dennis Bardens – Ahead of Time

Review: Dennis Bardens – Ahead of Time

Dennis Bardens was the least likely ghost chaser. He was a man with his wits about him, plugged right into the unforgiving present. He knew human nature in all its foibles. He had been a spy behind enemy lines during WW2; perhaps his ingrained suspicion of how people could behave went into the notice he hung on his front door in Horbury Mews, Kensington: ‘OUT TO LUNCH….BACK IN FIVE YEARS…PLEASE WAIT!’ His was a ready wit. He was a distinguished journalist and broadcaster – the initiator of ...
Two Confessions

Two Confessions

I’m an ordinary bloke. So why do I think there might just be something in the ‘unseen world’ that might be ‘t/here’. When I was five years old, I told my Nanny that we did not know how long my parents would keep us at home so we might as well make preparations to leave. It wasn’t just a stray remark. It was a profound belief that persisted up till my twenties. As a teenager my wealthy parents visited me at boarding school and, without any antecedent conversation about the subject, made me ...
Humour

Humour

Some Meditation sects in the East kick-start sessions with a bout of belly-laughing to ginger participants into a happy mood and generally imbue their thinking with a sense of proportion.
Doubting Thomas

Doubting Thomas

In secular terms Doubting Thomas may be more justified in his doubts than in scripture. Treat with caution many ideas of the new way of looking at the World.
The Baha’i Religion

The Baha’i Religion

There are plans for an Abrahamic Family House, a centre comprising a synagogue, a church and a mosque, that are being unveiled in New York, and being discussed in Abu Dhabi.   The idea that the Abrahamic Faiths should co-exist peacefully as do the Hindu and Buddhist faiths where the respective temples can be placed side by side has recently received a fillip from a new religion today that seems to take more account of most of the above issues than most others.  It is the Baha’i faith. If ...
Western vis-a-vis Eastern Meditation

Western vis-a-vis Eastern Meditation

There are many paths to enlightenment and many meanings of that word. You wish to Reflect? Stand tall on your right to do so! It is an allowable, rewarding way to spend time. You do not need to Meditate in the way that is a trend unless it speaks to you. There are teachers and traditions from the West to draw upon.
In a Session of Reflection

In a Session of Reflection

Why should ‘one size fit all’? What are you thinking when you reflect? Can your own thoughts be prescribed for you by anyone else? Are they the same as thoughts that anyone else may have in a similar context or are they more personal to you? This is a subjective voyage. One individual’s ideas during one sitting are here. Do you think in the same way?
Medicine

Medicine

Who in the West sits up at the name of Ms Youyou Tu? Malaria is a killer epidemic with records in traditional Chinese medical literature dating from the Zhou Dynasty. Three thousand years ago Zhou Lia published his findings. Youyou Tu took from them what she found relevant for a cure in the twentieth century. And if ‘Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold’ was published more recently in the Tang Dynasty of 618–907 A.D., Youyou Tu was not fussed A trove of ...
Democracy vis-à-vis other Political Systems

Democracy vis-à-vis other Political Systems

The spending bill is actually the creation of a national debt so massive that it has the means to destabilize a democracy dependent on a functioning economy. - Lawrence Kadish The above quotation arrests attention, as do thousands and thousands like it. Serious commentators commenting on serious issues - some doomsayers, some constructive analysts - are everywhere, urging on readers attention and, on policy makers, action. Which men of vision have it in them, or does fate intend, to be ...

Articles from The Institute of Reflection

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Further Reading

Review: ‘Who Am I’ by Brian Mayne

Review: Allon Bacon – Out of my Hands

Consciousness

Review: Dennis Bardens – Ahead of Time

Two Confessions

Humour

Doubting Thomas

The Baha’i Religion

Western vis-a-vis Eastern Meditation

In a Session of Reflection

Medicine

Democracy vis-à-vis other Political Systems

External Links

Review: ‘Who Am I’ by Brian Mayne

Brian Mayne has written lucidly of his spiritual journey. His life style is testimony to the efficacy of his ideas, combining as he does his work on himself with a successful business career

‘Just a few ever wonder who they really are, even fewer seriously explore the topic, and only the rarest manages the direct experience of realizing the core self. Although becoming conscious of it is a rare attainment, this ‘core self’ is accessible to all and naturally part of what we each are as human beings’.

‘Who Am I’ (A sequel to ‘Awake - Conscious Pilgrimage’} is the sharing of personal experience about the deeper mysteries of the deepest self in a form that is easy to read. The journey is as important as the arrival. He asks of himself who exactly he is. His answer in brief is that his primary self is Pure Awareness. It is not aware of anything except itself. This also means outside of time and space. In such a state we are all other dimensional. His approach is shot through with clear common sense though in places his ideas intersect with those of great mystics. His method is to ground assumptions carefully then build on them in logical steps.

Daily experience tells Mayne that he goes through three states:

  • Waking consciousness in which I am ‘the Waker’ (mind, senses and actions focus outwards)
  • Dreaming sleep in which I am ‘the Dreamer’ (mind focus inwards)
  • Deep dreamless sleep, when I am ‘the ‘Sleeper’ (mind does not function at all and I am not even aware of my physical body}

NB Some might demur at the proposition that the mind does not function ‘at all’ but the insight throws up intriguing questions, viz:

If I were my body-mind complex, my life would stop each time I enter deep sleep and start each time I dream or wake up. If so, who is it who remains during deep sleep?

Is it (like) pre-life, (this) deep dreamless state when unaware of the body?

Who am I if not the mind or body that I am witnessing? What was it that was there in the mind’s beginning to learn all that it knows?

This leads Mayne to posit:
‘After some period of contemplating it, we realize that it … must be objective because there is a witness to it… Who I am must be the subject ‘me’ rather than an object…I observe and feel my body, it is an object to my real identity, and I am as the observer and experiencer of it. Similarly, I witness my mind and its thoughts, so who I am cannot be my mind or my thoughts… I must be the innermost ‘me’, ‘me’ at source, rather than anything external which would therefore be separate from this ‘me’. 

Awareness is another name for you. Who we are must be the unchanging reality behind the senses. Waking to this awareness is an actual direct experience of coming home to who we already are and have always been.

One’s primary identity is pure awareness rather than consciousness and unconsciousness associated with the human mental states of waking, dreaming and deep sleep.
Our intelligent awareness had to have already been present in the womb A body could only have been created by a pre-existing intelligence, or intelligent awareness…. Since you are awareness there is no need to attain or cultivate it.

This approach leads Mayne on to several further conclusions.

This awareness is timeless. Who we really are never was born and therefore never can die.

To discover who you are, all that you have to do is to give up being aware of other things. It is a conscious direct experience of one’s state outside of the mind which will bring this truth home.

Everything is within the sphere of pure awareness, but pure awareness is senior and cannot itself be witnessed by anything within it.

The subject/source for all objects and even for itself is my awareness, an intelligence alive to itself which can experience everything, but not itself be experienced by anything external to it.

NB A question arises of whether a human being is akin to the universe in a microcosm form. Mayne’s comment here is that ‘if we are microcosms of the universe. If pure awareness is reality and oneness, there is no universe - except in the realm of time and space. Pure awareness is outside of time and space. Manifested realms and beings, are more of a relative reality, and are at best extensions of the pure awareness - or some say consciousness. As you've noted: 'Everything is within the sphere of pure awareness.' In Hindu terms this is all Maya/illusion. What this means is that what we consider to be reality, the waking state of the mind, is not reality at all. When our physical forms came to this realm of time and space we were brainwashed into believing we are human beings in time and space, but we have never lost the awareness which is our reality and we can find it again if we truly wish to. This means that who we are was never born and being eternal can never die. Effectively this is what spirit is. However, it has always been a mistake to confuse spirit with the physical-mental self. ‘

All that is left is what then might be considered eternal unbounded space of pure awareness . . .without any separate subject, object or even thought. It is timeless and unchanging and it follows that it does not die.

If we close our eyes and step back from the senses and the mind, what we are left with is an alive space which is pure awareness alone. It is a shifting from outer attention and activity to that ‘space’ of inner still awareness which is a oneness without boundaries.

That awareness is with us in our waking activities but forgotten in the distractions of the mind and pull of the senses.

We are in a state of pure awareness in deep sleep but not conscious of it. When we awaken, there is an extremely brief transition from sleep to the mind and personality re-engaging, when we remember and re-establish who we are in our waking state. When we ‘catch’ that brief instant, which is awareness before the mind starts, it becomes a benchmark for us and, with practice, the duration of this state of just awareness can be extended for longer and longer periods.

This reality is characterised by great peace. It is experienced during deep dreamless sleep when awareness of the body and mind are absent . . . but a pure awareness of ‘nothingness’ remains present. Being cannot be experienced as an object, as a sensation, or mental state because it is non-dual. We can only BE it. It is always available if we drop all thinking, wanting or any form of mental activity for a moment and rest as IT.'

Ideas follow as to how to live one’s life in accordance with this understanding, for instance meditation that helps withdraw attention from thoughts and external inputs, perhaps becoming aware of a part of the body - a toe, say - and then step back to that which is the awareness.

One should be open to intuitive wisdom…. A first step is releasing long-cherished beliefs and convictions about who we identify ourselves as being’. This becomes easier when we realize what we intuitively knew and recognized about the already wholeness of our essential aware selves.

Self-realisation can come from a combination of sources, such as the right teacher/s, nature, life experiences, studies and/or even from inside oneself. This also requires the use of discrimination, discernment, and resonance to understand and intuitively recognize the truth of such teachings. Grace can come as well in forms that the mind may have thought of as being negative. Shocks to motivate us to new clarity and evolution. When our mind is open and the self is the base of our identity, the mind can be used without our losing oneself in being a temporal mind and body. Accordingly, we should avoid negative thoughts and cherish positive ones, avoid judging and harming others and cherish respect for all life.

When we identify with being a mind and body, we create a prison for ourselves in time and space. The mind creates its world through imagination. All fears and suffering are linked to time and space. (In doing that) We have forgotten our divine self, the space of intelligence and love, the pure ‘I am’ of our being.

Mayne experiences the problem that confronts many a spiritual teacher: that of writing about a world which the tool of language is inadequate to accurately depict. He has used his ability to think logically, and consider his persona calmly, to help uncover a subjective truth that is also an objective truth for us all. It is a message of hope but, above all, for common sense. It is not breathless enthusiasm or dogged adherence to any cult or Faith. We are entitled to use our minds to go as far as we can into an opaque world but which must be there for all of us, whether or not it can be ‘bottled in a test tube and refined in a laboratory’. If we desire to know why we are on this earth and to live life according to precepts that are attuned to our essential selves, Mayne’s text as a starting point is as good a place to begin as any.

Coda to Brian Mayne Review

Mayne elucidates: re 'if we are microcosms of the universe.' If pure awareness is reality and oneness, there is no universe - except in the realm of time and space. Pure awareness is outside of time and space. Manifested realms and beings, are more of a relative reality, and are at best extensions of the pure awareness - or some say consciousness. 'Everything is within the sphere of pure awareness.' In Hindu terms this is all Maya/illusion. What this means is that what we consider to be reality, the waking state of the mind, is not reality at all. When our physical forms came to this realm of time and space we were brainwashed into believing we are human beings in time and space, but we have never lost the awareness which is our reality and we can find it again if we truly wish to. This means that who we are was never born and being eternal can never die. Effectively this is what spirit is. However, it has always been a mistake to confuse spirit with the physical-mental self.

Buy "Who Am I" by Brian Mayne

Below is a review of the book in MENSA Magazine, December 2022

Review: Allon Bacon – Out of my Hands

Bacon is discussing ‘a part of man’s total presence and energy which is on a finer or higher level than the merely physical .,,, There are energies, levels of communication, and forces at work both within and without, which are wondrous in the extreme. One of these forces is man’s capacity to self-heal.’

This is a man of an analytic mind, well-educated and coming from an affluent social mileau. He was training to be a doctor when struck down by life-threatening ill health. He allowed himself to be guided by his inner voices in defiance of medical orthodoxy and by following their dictates was spared for a lifetime of devoted service to his fellow man. There can be little doubt of his fundamental integrity. He brings a trained eye and a sensitive facility for detail to his observations about what is going on in his mind and expends much thought on finding explanations. He is describing his ‘Guides’ helping send Healing to a patient:

‘Around him was a temple-like building apparently made of light. Table on which the patient was lying appeared to be made of a solid crystal-like substance resembling solid light. The colours about them were crystal blue and white.’

He was a much-sought after consultant to the stars of the thespian world. The after-death communing from the likes of Ivor Novello have the ring of truth. There is corroboration of his claims, witness statements and so forth. The stories of the healing of Joanna Syms and Nellie Quinlivan are cases in point.

Bacon’s descriptions of what is going on in his life, and in his sessions, throw light into how he got where he did and what he did when there. By the time one reads a passage as below it is clear that this is not the starry-eyed prating of a would-be self-illusionist.
Bacon knows the value of communing with oneself in solitude:

‘I learned to float my mind away from (tales of people who suffered from TB) I raised my mind up to link with the universal strength I sensed about me. I was, without realising it, reaching up to the Cosmic Energy of the Christ consciousness. I was reaching back into my soul memory in knowledge I had absorbed from previous lives. I was linking with the eternal me. I was switching myself from being hypnotized by the stark horror of my surroundings to the overall reality of Divine Strength.’

The book has much advice on how to live a contended, fulfilled life. He is sufficiently aware of the pitfalls and snares of this world as to rate a ‘happy-go-lucky’ element in one’s make-up a form of self-protection. He is aware of the healing power of laughter and gives illustrations for instance from the example of the star actress, Hermione Baddeley. He takes his dreams seriously and records them:

‘In my dream I was approaching a beautiful calm river winding below the green bank I was slowly descending. There, only a few yards below me, was a small boat tethered to the near bank. I knew it was my boat, waiting for me to use to cross the narrow river below me. In view on the far bank was a collection of men and women I longed to meet. Their robes were of pale bright colours and a soft yet brilliant light played about their tranquil selves. As I stepped down towards my boat a man’s hand was placed upon my shoulder. A deep but tender voice said to me: ‘Allon, you cannot go. There is work here for you to do.’ I tried to see the man who spoke thus but could only see his linen robe. It was as if his face was purposely hidden from me.’

The alternate ‘electric’ currents – of heat and cold – that flow from his hands, the smoky fug arising in some spiritual encounters, the descriptions of his spirit guides – one was a powerfully-built Red Indian brave, the colours and smells he experiences, his psychic abilities to sense auras, all of these make for an authentic tour d’horizon of the spiritual world. They enable Bacon to piece together into a system a description of how he sees the eternal world.

The following is a digest:

Each endless journey of experience of us has a separate identifiable and unique soul, We live many lives on many different levels of time. Each life we live seems to most of us the only life. Hints to some of us of before and after but we are so constructed that we can’t access our overall memory bank except in certain moments of instruction. Without this cut-out we would retain a jumbled mass of memory experience which would overbalance our emotional reactions as well as our built-in soul reaction. The law knows neither mercy nor pity. Perfect joy-giving is abundant and fulfilling. Whatever we think, it works thus, and is perfect. We go from rich to poor, men to women, peace to violence, We go from time level to time level, lives to teach us lessons. Our souls are gradually aspiring to higher knowledge as we advance to higher realms of existence. Our spiritual lives are the real existence. Some learn faster than others. Some nondescript lives are a rest. Religion has great truths and they are often in parable form as in ‘In my Father’s house are many mansions.’

In between our lives we meet with teachers, guides and guardian angels. In their inspiring and loving presence, we lick our wounds, recover from our absurdities, are thanked for our services and we study in the Halls of Learning. The Universal souls of Great Knowledge are constantly watching over us. The task is endless and mind-expanding in its vision. We learn to use our Cosmic Energy to aspire to greater and finer planes of existence. The human mind can only glimpse the glory and wonder of the System. The Cosmic Light transforms clay to spirit. We are, we were, and we will be. We have to be watchful of false visitors.

Bacon ends this account in a matter-of-fact way:

‘If on the other hand our guides are simply manifestations of images formed in our inner and over selves, where is the problem? All religions have their own God. All lead to the same knowledge, The Cosmos is there, only man interprets it differently. Time/Space is an illusion. Rockets will seem like the horse and cart. Religion and Science will finally link up. We will journey where we can only go at present by dying. Judgement Day when you are ready – in the centre of the table is a large globule of light you can see if you wish any moment of your past life or lives. Imagine the torment of the mass murderer. All experience is re-lived. The teachings of Jesus are revealed in all their value. The right background is chosen for us to go off on our new adventure.

Bacon’s conclusions come as a result of his experiences. We are given a guide throughout.

Allon Bacon – Out of My Hands, ISBN 0-85030-831-3, The Aquarian Press

Consciousness

A topic that is transfixing thinkers today is that of consciousness. We all have it but what is it?

There is a parallel here with 'reflection', an ability we all have to greater or lesser degree, often that we take for granted without stopping to reflect about it and it's value and how it may be better appreciated and even enhanced, quite aside from it's inherent fascination.

There are forums which are devoted to discussing consciousness, for instance:

L'Agora is a French organisation which has a website that inter alia is designed to discuss changes and mutations which are taking place in human consciousness in our time.  One of its ideals is to help develop a divine being in the individual. The founder was a successful businessman who noted the improvements in his health when he took career steps in a direction that better fitted his personal goals.

Dr Antonio Damasio, a neuroscientist, is Professor of Psychology, Philosophy, and Neurology at the University of Southern California. He communicates his concepts about the problem of consciousness in a succinct manner.  He is one among many thinkers exploring this topic, some cited below.

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Review: Dennis Bardens – Ahead of Time

Dennis Bardens was the least likely ghost chaser. He was a man with his wits about him, plugged right into the unforgiving present. He knew human nature in all its foibles. He had been a spy behind enemy lines during WW2; perhaps his ingrained suspicion of how people could behave went into the notice he hung on his front door in Horbury Mews, Kensington: ‘OUT TO LUNCH….BACK IN FIVE YEARS…PLEASE WAIT!’ His was a ready wit. He was a distinguished journalist and broadcaster – the initiator of the TV household name ‘Panorama’ which came to him while looking put of the office window. Bardens had some 20 books to his name including ‘Churchill in Parliament’. A meticulous taker of notes, adept at ferreting out facts behind stories, Bardens wanted to get to the bottom of things, and so in many ways it should be to his sort of evidence one turns to see if there is sufficient factual basis to allow that pre-cognition might have a foundation sufficient to defy a fair-minded sceptic. ‘AHEAD OF TIME’ does not disappoint in this regard.

Detailed notes abound about and from the many people interviewed with stories about how they foresaw events before they happened. There is Paul Czarnecki the toddler who foretold his death within weeks and its circumstances and baffling his parents in the process. There is Air Marshal Sir Victor Goddard flying over a disused aerodrome and describing in writing to incredulous colleagues the as yet undesigned new layout and the colour of the uniforms worn by workers there. (See Breaking the Time Barrier published in Light the ‘Journal of the College of Psychic Studies’ in 1966). Here there is an unknown person describing in a well-attested way public disasters before they happened, and there is this or that famous person, incorrigible by temperament, with nothing to gain and much to lose by telling weird tales of what they had ‘seen’ in dreams, talking of their of pre-visions. Abraham Lincoln foresaw his funeral bier in circumstances akin to his assassination weeks before it happened, as was recorded so saying contemporaneously. The evidence is piled high; what also intrigues are the observations by Bardens, viz:

Precognition and telepathy seem often related. Thoughts of the past present and future are projected in some unknown way, both between humans and animals.

And quotes from the pages of this book:

Eileen Garrett in ‘Many Voices’ (Allen & Unwin 1969): ‘The perceptions that I receive are clear-cut and distinct, like the unrolling of a film or spool. This is what living can be likened to: a continual unwinding of the thread from the spool – a current of feeling moving in space in the continuity of progress and unity of action.’

Sheila Scott (well-known aviator): there is one thing about flying. It increases all your sensations and makes one tremendously alert. One is conscious of something mysterious in all that space – one doesn’t know what it is but it is real enough.

J. W. Dunne: Time must have a time in which to move, and that time must have yet another time in which to move – and so on….imagine your life to be like a knife. You are walking along the edge of a knife. One end is your birth, the other end is your death. You move along this knife, watching your step lest you fall off or slide along it too quickly. It is only when you reach the end, when you die, that you awaken to the fact that the knife itself is moving, upwards and onwards, sweeping every atom of human experience, emotion and substance with it. You will die but your consciousness goes on in this unsuspected tide, finding itself in a four-dimensional world…in Time 2 one will be able to go backwards and forwards along the dimension of time at will. …I strong suspect that as one passes from one stage to another one will come nearer to the truth of the thing – which I think will prove to be the Deity…I am convinced nothing is ever lost.

Two Confessions

I’m an ordinary bloke. So why do I think there might just be something in the ‘unseen world’ that might be ‘t/here’.

When I was five years old, I told my Nanny that we did not know how long my parents would keep us at home so we might as well make preparations to leave. It wasn’t just a stray remark. It was a profound belief that persisted up till my twenties. As a teenager my wealthy parents visited me at boarding school and, without any antecedent conversation about the subject, made me a director of their firm. They promised me the family Rolls Royce, the Hampstead house, the Mayfair-based business – all of it would come to me in time and, in any case, they were getting on in age so my place should be at home, rather than go and work for ‘outsiders’. It was a song sung through the decade I then worked for them. If I voiced any doubt, I was reassured. My mother had half the business and both parents were clear in their promises. Then my mother died and, and my father remarried. I asked my father what happened to all the promises, to be met with the retort “Circumstances have changed!”. My chances of training at the right time for an alternative career were all but blasted; my financial state was of penury. What had made me so sure that this would happen; the outcome of the situation defied all the logic?

My mother in her last days when she was 69 was admitted to hospital with a complaint that was not life-threatening. She took a serious turn for the worse. The doctors thought some foreign foodstuff or medicine had interfered with the medical treatment being given to my mother. They were so sure of this that they were carefully watching any food that was brought in by the family. My father was giving my mother homeopathic remedies that were harmless. It transpired that they were neither homeopathic nor harmless. Her ingestion of these foreign substances was not detected by the hospital authorities till too late. The prescription by the family doctor was later discovered amongst my father’s papers; he had misrepresented to the family’s GP the illness of my mother. My father doubled the dose that was given in the soup he brought my mother, who died. The following weekend my father was holidaying with the mistress he was to marry. The doctors wanted to perform a post mortem. My father went into a tailspin of desperate worry, telling the doctors this went against all his and his wife’s religious principles. It was the first I heard of this. The doctors decided not to go ahead with the post mortem; why so upset a distraught, bereaved and respectable man. So why is this tale told here…

A medium came to our opulent house. She said “Does the name ‘Rickmansworth’ mean anything to anyone present?” The previous day I had visited a friend who lived there, the first time in my life I had heard of the district. It is said that genuine mediums will give a name about a subject unrelated to the main matter about which they wish to talk and will only be known to one person present. Then the medium said: “This is a very odd thing but I am getting a message that there has been a murder in this family!”

I mentioned the latter, well-attested story recently to a friend who is a doctor and he said: “If the medium says this to a thousand families the odds are that she will be right on one occasion.” The doctor is a matter-of-fact person who does not give any credit to an unseen world. Is his answer likely to explain the medium’s words?

The scriptures speak of visions, the Tarsus experience of St Paul being an example. Most of us have heard that account. But who has heard of ‘Akako’, an ordinary grandmother, who recounts the tale of her personal vision in ‘Personal Credos’ on this website?

How many of us over many generations, have stories that do not percolate to a widespread audience? Is there anything in them?

The reader who has not experienced anything like the stories that appear above may not give them the time of day.

But what should I think about the unseen world…?

Humour

Some Meditation sects in the East kick-start sessions with a bout of belly-laughing to ginger participants into a happy mood and generally imbue their thinking with a sense of proportion. How these groups are able to belly-laugh on cue isn’t too clear; perhaps a Swami doubles as a stand-up comic turn or a Master of Ceremony calls out a number from a shared list of jokes consensually found hysterically funny? Meditators in the West tend not to overdose on slapstick and aim for calm equilibrium of mind; to make a comparison, joyous singing in Church by the ‘happy Clappies’ can be made to seem a bit ‘below the salt’. Meditation, like religion, is no laughing matter to some.

This author presumes that readers by now are rolling about in uncontrollable hysterics though on reflection it dawns on him that some may fail this test.  May the fleas of a thousand camels infest their arses and may their arms be too short to scratch them!

(Authors’ Note to himself: MUST CALM DOWN!)  Reflection like humour gains from a detached perspective. If you laugh, it’s funny; if you don’t, it isn’t. If it’s funny and you don’t laugh, you may have an attitude problem or are too touchy over taboos.  Is it bad taste to look out for humour even in, say, the annals of the Third Reich?  ‘Seig Heil’ was a Nazi salutation. Seek humour and ye shall find it; if not… SEEK HEILP!

Was it a luger pistol that Goering had in mind in his bid for literary immortality: ‘When I hear talk of culture I reach for my gun!’?  Once, a serious German (‘Vy zey say ve Germans no sense of humour HAF?’) wrote to Hitler for permission to christen his new-born daughter ‘Hitleria’. The name has charm as all will agree but the reaction of officialdom has a niche reserved in a yet-to-be constructed Pantheon of Nazi Humour: ‘Verboten! (It is Forbidden!) In Germany we encourage the martial values! You will name your daughter ‘Lugerella’.

You might by now be amused enough to be in the right frame of mind for Reflection à les Anglais. If not, please try harder and carry on reading till you get it right…!  Not too giggly, mind!   Alternatively take a leaf out of the book of the Victorians who were wont to say ‘An Englishman takes his pleasures sadly!’  Let us quaff our fill of life's sad pleasures with a poem by Roy Fuller entitled

SURVIVOR 

Every day I think about dying.

About disease, starvation, violence, terrorism, war.

The end of the world...

It helps keep my mind off things.

Plagiarised from a rare volume entitled: What Shakespeare and his wife did not say

The world of entertainment more than most spheres is designed to lift people out of humdrum lives and make them forget themselves; in consequence it is hardly best suited to the purpose of reflection!

That, at least is something to reflect on.

Roll up! Roll up…!

Below are nuggets - ‘gobbets’, if you prefer - never before seen on the world stage of the internet or recorded anywhere in biographies or anthologies of humour (NB save for the first and the last quotations):

From the office of Eric Glass Ltd, Literary and Theatrical Agency

Eric Glass’s prudish co-Director, Janet, was scandalized that the agency represented a lady billed as the ‘Sex Queen of London’, Fiona Richmond, even if it was just as an authoress. “I will carry on writing” she averred “…as long as I can take off my clothes!” Her autobiography flaunted her nude posterior on the book’s jacket and, seeing a copy on a desk, Janet, her nose wrinkled, turned it over so that the back cover presumably without a salacious picture was face-up. She was met by Mr Glass’s laconic question:

“Disappointed?”

Eric Glass was never to be forgotten by the waiter in front of whose goggling eyes at the end of a main course he brandished the sausage skin left on his plate. Mr Glass gave his order to the waiter:

Please may I have a refill!”

His clients deserve to be recorded for reasons other than their acting credentials:

Oscar Homolka who played the Russian General in Funeral in Berlin had scruples about drinking tap water. On standing by a water reservoir his wife, Joan Tetzel, airily waved aside the muddy swirls by saying that the water was purified before it reached consumers - at the precise instant a gull flew by and deposited its ordure in front of their eyes, prompting Homolka to comment:

Who wants to drink purified gull shit!”

Edward Woodward, famed as Callan, had a lapse of memory when holding forth in an oratorical flood. He stopped short with a glazed look in his eyes, then said:

“That’s the fastest anything ever went out of my mind! In between opening my mouth to speak, and starting to speak, I forgot what I wanted to say!”

Eric Glass’s uncle was Max Glass, author of Entente Cordiale which tells the story of the Fashoda Incident in 1898 when Britain and Egypt were at daggers’ drawn. Queen Victoria asks her Prime Minister, Lord Salisbury:

“Is the news from Egypt good, my Lord?”

“The news from Egypt is not good, Ma-am…!”, replies Salisbury, “And it has not been good for …..five thousand years!”

IF THE READER DOES NOT YET FEEL EQUIPPED FOR MEDITATION A LES ANGLAIS IT IS TIME FOR STERNER STUFF:

QUOTES FROM BRITISH MILITARY ANNUAL STAFF APPRAISALS

If two people are talking and one looks bored, he's the other one.

His men would follow him anywhere but only out of curiosity.

This man is depriving a village somewhere of its idiot.

This officer can be likened to a small puppy… he runs around excitedly, leaving little messes for other people to clean up.

When she opens her mouth it seems only to change whichever foot was previously in there.

Couldn't organise 50% leave in a two-man submarine.

He has carried out each and every one of his duties to his entire satisfaction.

He would be out of his depth in a car park puddle.

The occasional flashes of adequacy are marred by an attitude of apathy and indifference.

When he joined my ship this officer was something of a granny; since then he has aged considerably.

This medical officer has used my ship to carry his genitals from port to port, and my officers to carry him from bar to bar.

This officer reminds me very much of a gyroscope, always spinning around at a frantic pace but not really going anywhere.

Since my last report he has reached rock bottom and has started to dig.

She sets low personal standards and then consistently fails to achieve them.

He has the wisdom of youth and the energy of old age.

This officer should go far and the sooner he starts, the better.

I would not breed from this officer.

In my opinion this pilot should not be authorised to fly below 250 feet.

The only ship I would recommend for this man is citizenship.

He couldn't organise a woodpecker's picnic in Sherwood Forest.

Works well when under constant supervision and cornered like a rat in a trap.

Not the sharpest knife in the drawer.

Gates are down, the lights are flashing but the train isn't coming.

Has two brains; one is lost and the other is out looking for it.

If he were any more stupid he'd have to be watered twice a week.

Got into the gene pool while the lifeguard wasn't watching.

If you stand close enough to him you can hear the ocean.

It's hard to believe that he beat the millions of other sperm.

A room temperature IQ.

Got a full six-pack but lacks the plastic thingy to hold it all together.

A gross ignoramus,143 times worse than an ordinary ignoramus.

He has a photographic memory but has the lens cover glued on.

He has been working with glue too long.

When his IQ reaches 50 he should sell

This man hasn't got enough grey matter to sole the flip-flop of a one legged budgie.

One-celled organisms would out score him in an IQ test.

Donated his body to science before he was done using it.

Fell out of the stupid tree and hit every branch on the way down.

He's so dense light bends around him.

If brains were taxed he'd get a rebate.

Some drink from the fountain of knowledge; he only gargled.

Takes him 1½ hours to watch 60 minutes.

Wheel is turning but the hamster is long dead.

Alerts to threats in Europe 2011: by John Cleese

The English are feeling the pinch in relation to recent events in Libya and have therefore raised their security level from "Miffed" to "Peeved." Soon, though, security levels may be raised yet again to "Irritated" or even "A Bit Cross." The English have not been "A Bit Cross" since the blitz in 1940 when tea supplies nearly ran out.

Terrorists have been re-categorized from "Tiresome" to "A Bloody Nuisance."

The last time the British issued a "Bloody Nuisance" warning level was in 1588, when threatened by the Spanish Armada.

The Scots have raised their threat level from "Pissed Off" to "Let's get the Bastards." They don't have any other levels. This is the reason they have
been used on the front line of the British army for the last 300 years.

The French government announced yesterday that it has raised its terror alert level from "Run" to "Hide." The only two higher levels in France are "Collaborate" and "Surrender." The rise was precipitated by a recent fire that destroyed France 's white flag factory, effectively paralyzing the country's military capability.

Italy has increased the alert level from "Shout Loudly and Excitedly" to "Elaborate Military Posturing." Two more levels remain: "Ineffective Combat Operations" and "Change Sides."

The Germans have increased their alert state from "Disdainful Arrogance" to "Dress in Uniform and Sing Marching Songs." They also have two higher
levels: "Invade a Neighbor" and "Lose."

Belgians, on the other hand, are all on holiday as usual; the only threat they are worried about is NATO pulling out of Brussels.

The Spanish are all excited to see their new submarines ready to deploy. These beautifully designed subs have glass bottoms so the new Spanish navy can get a really good look at the old Spanish navy.

Australia, meanwhile, has raised its security level from "No worries" to "She'll be alright, Mate." Two more escalation levels remain: "Crikey! I think we'll need to cancel the barbie this weekend!" and "The barbie is cancelled." So far no situation has ever warranted use of the final escalation level.

Be aware that the French government announced yesterday that it has raised its terror alert level from RUN to HIDE. The only two higher levels in France are Surrender and Collaborate. The rise was precipitated by a recent fire that destroyed France's white flag factory, effectively paralysing their military capability.

It's not only the French that are on a heightened level of alert,

The Italians have increased their alert level from "shout loudly and excitedly" to "elaborate military posturing". Two more levels remain, "ineffective combat operations" and "change sides".

The Germans also increased their alert state from "disdainful arrogance" to "dress in uniform and sing marching songs". They have two higher levels, "invade a neighbour" and "lose".

Seeing this reaction in continental Europe the Americans have gone from "isolationism" to "find somewhere else in the middle east ripe for regime change". Their remaining higher alert states are "take on the world" and "ask the British for help".

Finally here in GB we've gone from "pretend nothing's happening" to "make another cup of tea". Our higher levels are "remain resolutely cheerful" and "win".

Lt. Colonel Robert Maclaren retired from the British Army in 2001 after a long fulfilling career.   On the day that he retired he received a letter from the Personnel Department of the Ministry of Defence setting out details of his pension and, in particular, the tax-free ‘lump sum’ award, (based upon completed years of service), that he would receive in addition to his monthly pension.   

The letter read,

"Dear Lt. Colonel Maclaren,

We write to confirm that you retired from the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards on 1st March 2001 at the rank of Lt Colonel, having been commissioned into the British Army at Edinburgh Castle as a 2nd Lieutenant on 1st February 1366 (This was an innocent typographical mistake). Accordingly your lump sum payment, based on years served, has been calculated as £68,500. You will receive a cheque for this amount in due course.

Yours sincerely
Army Paymaster”

Colonel Maclaren replied;

“Dear Paymaster,

Thank you for your recent letter confirming that I served as an officer in the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards between 1st February 1366 and 1st March 2001 – a total period of 635 years and 1 month.
I note however that you have calculated my lump sum to be £68, 500, which seems to be considerably less than it should be bearing in mind my length of service since I received my commission from King Edward III.
By my calculation, allowing for interest payments and currency fluctuations, my lump sum should actually be £6, 427, 586, 619. 47p.
I look forward to receiving a cheque for this amount in due course.

Yours sincerely,
Robert Maclaren (Lt Col Retd)”

A month passed by and then in early April, a stout manilla envelope from the Ministry of Defence in Edinburgh dropped through Col. Maclaren’s letter box, it read:

“Dear Lt Colonel Maclaren,

We have reviewed the circumstances of your case as outlined in your recent letter to us dated 8th March inst. We do indeed confirm that you were commissioned into the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards by King Edward III at Edinburgh Castle on 1st February 1366, and that you served continuously for the following 635 years and 1 month.

We have re-calculated your pension and have pleasure in confirming that the lump sum payment due to you is indeed £6,427, 586, 619. 47p.

However, we also note that according to our records you are the only surviving officer who had command responsibility during the following campaigns and battles;
The Wars of the Roses 1455 -1485 (Including the battles of Bosworth Field, Barnet and Towton) The Civil War 1642 -1651 (Including the battles Edge Hill, Naseby and the conquest of Ireland) The Napoleonic War 1803 – 1815 (including the battle of Waterloo and the Peninsular War) The Crimean War (1853 – 1856) (including the battle of Sevastopol and the Charge of the Light Brigade) The Boer War (1899 -1902)  World War One (1914-1918).

We would therefore wish to know what happened to the following, which do not appear to have been returned to Stores by you on completion of operations:

9,765 Cannons
26,785 Swords
12,889 Pikes
127,345 Rifles (with bayonets)
28,987 horses (fully kitted)
Plus three complete marching bands with instruments and banners.

We have calculated the total cost of these items and they amount to £6,427,518.119.47p. We have therefore subtracted this sum from your lump sum, leaving a residual amount of £68,500, for which you will receive a cheque in due course.

Yours sincerely . . . .”

***

IF THE MILITARY OUTLOOK DOES NOT FURNISH SUFFICENT MATERIAL TO LIGHTEN A MOOD THERE ARE SUBJECTS CLOSER TO HOME:

--------------------------------

BEFORE MARRIAGE....

He: Yes. At last. It was so hard to wait.
She: Do you want me to leave?
He: No! Don't even think about it.
She: Do you love me?
He: Of course! Over and over!
She: Have you ever cheated on me?
He: No! Why are you even asking?
She: Will you kiss me?
He: Every chance I get.
She: Will you hit me?
He: Are you crazy! I'm not that kind of person!
She: Can I trust you?
He: Yes.
She: Darling!

After marriage....

Simply read from bottom line to the top line.

IF THE SACRED BONDS OF MARRIAGE ARE NOT SEEN AS A FIT SUBJECT ABOUT WHICH TO GIGGLE, WHAT DO THE GROVES OF ACADEME HOLD FOR A WOULD-BE LAUGH-ER WHO IS SHORT ON A SENSE OF HUMOUR:

----------------------------------------------------------

A question in a chemistry exam:

Is Hell exothermic (gives off heat) or endothermic (absorbs heat)?

Most of the students wrote proofs of their beliefs using Boyle's Law (gas cools when it expands and heats when it is compressed) or some variant. One student, however, wrote the following:

First, we need to know how the mass of Hell is changing in time. So we need to know the rate at which souls are moving into Hell and the rate at which they are leaving. I think that we can safely assume that once a soul gets to Hell, it will not leave. Therefore, no souls are leaving.

As for how many souls are entering Hell, let's look at the different Religions that exist in the world today. Most of these religions state that if you are not a member of their religion, you will go to Hell. Since there is more than one of these religions and since people do not belong to more than one religion, we can project that all souls go to Hell.

With birth and death rates as they are, we can expect the number of souls in Hell to increase exponentially. Now, we look at the rate of change of the volume in Hell because Boyle's Law states that in order for the temperature and pressure in Hell to stay the same, the volume of Hell has to expand proportionately as souls are added. This gives two possibilities:

1) If Hell is expanding at a slower rate than the rate at which souls enter Hell, then the temperature and pressure in Hell will increase until all Hell breaks loose.
2) If Hell is expanding at a rate faster than the increase of souls in Hell then the temperature and pressure will drop until Hell freezes over.

So which is it? If we accept the postulate given to me by Teresa during my Freshman year that, "it will be a cold day in Hell before I sleep with you, and take into account the fact that I slept with her last night, then number 2 must be true, and thus I am sure that Hell is exothermic and has already frozen over. The corollary of this theory is that since Hell has frozen over, it follows that it is not accepting any more souls and is therefore, extinct...leaving only Heaven thereby proving the existence of a divine being which explains why, last night, Teresa kept shouting "Oh my God."

Epitaph on the tomb of William Harting, died 1842

REMEMBER ME

Remember me as you pass by

As you are now so once was I

As I am now

You will be

So be prepared to follow me

On which a wag wrote:

Sir, to follow thee is my intent

But you left no word which way you went.

The Australian Poetry Competition had come down to two finalists, a university graduate & an older aboriginal man. They were given a word, then allowed two minutes to study the word & come with a poem that contained the word: TIMBUKTU.

First to recite his poem was the university graduate. He stepped to the microphone and said"

Slowly across the desert sand,
trekked a lonely caravan.
Men on camels two by two,
Destination...Timbuktu.

The Aboriginal gent slowly he made his way to the microphone and recited:

Me & Tim a hunting we went,
Met three whores in a pop-up tent.
They was three & we was two,
So I bucked one & Timbuktu.

The Aboriginal man won.

No English dictionary has been able to adequately explain the difference between these two words. In a recent linguistic competition held in London and attended by, supposedly, the best in the world, Samdar Balgobin, a Guyanese man, was the clear winner.

The final question was: ‘How do you explain the difference between COMPLETE and FINISHED in a way that is easy to understand? Some people say there is NO difference between COMPLETE and FINISHED.’

Here is his answer:

"When you marry the right woman, you are COMPLETE. When you marry the wrong woman, you are FINISHED and when the right one catches you with the wrong one, you are COMPLETELY FINISHED!!!

***

***

IS THE GRANNY STATE FAIR GAME FOR HUMOUR?

Not all developments in language are progress. A car past its sell-by date would be written off as ‘A clapped-out banger!’ rather than ‘A heap of second hand and antiquated ironmongery that is incapable of self-propulsion!’. In France, it is illegal to call a cleaner by that name. What is gained in humanity may be lost by having to walk on eggshells all the time even if it is no doubt commendable to re-designate a ‘cleaner’ as a ‘Surface Technician’.

How would Admiral Lord Nelson have fared if he had been subject to modern health and safety regulations?

  "Order the signal, Hardy."
  "Aye, aye sir."
  "Hold on, that's not what I dictated to the signal officer. What's the
meaning of this?"
  "Sorry sir?"
  "England expects every person to do his duty, regardless of race, gender,
sexual orientation, religious persuasion or disability. What gobbledegook is
this?"
  "Admiralty policy, I'm afraid, sir. We're an equal opportunities employer
now. We had the devil's own job getting 'England' past the censors, lest it
be considered racist."
  "Gadzooks, Hardy. Hand me my pipe and tobacco."
  "Sorry sir. All naval vessels have been designated smoke-free working
environments."
  "In that case, break open the rum ration. Let us splice the main brace to
steel the men before battle."
  "The rum ration has been abolished, Admiral. It's part of the Government's
policy on binge drinking."
  "Good heavens, Hardy. I suppose we'd better get on with it then. Full
speed ahead."
  "I think you'll find that there's a 4 knot speed limit in this stretch of
water."
  "Damn it man! We are on the eve of the greatest sea battle in history. We must advance with all dispatch. Report from the crow's nest, please."
  "That won't be possible, sir."
  "What?"
  "Health and safety have closed the crow's nest, sir. No harness. And they said the rope ladder doesn't meet regulations. They won't let anyone up there until a proper scaffolding can be erected."
  "Then get me the ship's carpenter without delay, Hardy."
  "He's busy constructing a wheelchair access to the fo'c'sle Admiral."
  "Wheelchair access? I've never heard anything so absurd."
  "Health and safety again, sir. We have to provide a barrier-free
environment for the differently abled."
"Differently abled? I've only one arm and one eye and I refuse even to hear mention of the word. I didn't rise to the rank of admiral by playing the disability card."
  "Actually, sir, you did. The Navy is under-represented in the areas of visual impairment and limb deficiency."
  "Whatever next? Give me full sail. The salt spray beckons."
  "A couple of problems there too, sir. Health and safety won't let the crew
up the rigging without crash helmets. And they don't want anyone breathing
in too much salt - haven't you seen the adverts?"
  "I've never heard such infamy. Break out the cannon and tell the men to
stand by to engage the enemy."
  "The men are a bit worried about shooting at anyone, Admiral."
  "What? This is mutiny."
  "It's not that, sir. It's just that they're afraid of being charged with murder if they actually kill anyone. There's a couple of legal aid lawyers on board, watching everyone like hawks."
  "Then how are we to sink the Frenchies and the Spaniards?"
  "Actually, sir, we're not."
  "We're not?"
  "No, sir. The French and the Spanish are our European partners now.
According to the Common Fisheries Policy, we shouldn't even be in this
stretch of water. We could get hit with a claim for compensation."
  "But you must hate a Frenchman as you hate the devil."
  "I wouldn't let the ship's diversity co-ordinator hear you saying that sir. You'll be up on a disciplinary charge."
  "But you must consider every man an enemy who speaks ill of your King."
  "Not any more, sir. We must be inclusive in this multicultural age. Now put on your Kevlar vest; it's the rules."
  "Don't tell me - health and safety. Whatever happened to rum, sodomy   And the lash?"
  "As I explained, sir, rum is off the menu. And there's a ban on corporal punishment."
  "What about sodomy?"
  "I believe it's to be encouraged, sir."
  "In that case ...kiss me, Hardy."

***

To: Rt Hon David Milliband MP Secretary of State, DEFRA

Dear Secretary of State,

My friend, who is in farming at the moment, received a cheque for £3,000 from the Rural Payments Agency for not rearing pigs. I now want to join the "not rearing pigs" business.

In your opinion, what is the best kind of farm not to rear pigs on, and which is the best breed of pigs not to rear? I want to be sure I approach this endeavour in keeping with all government policies, as dictated by the EU under the Common Agriculture Policy.

I would prefer not to rear bacon pigs, but if this is not the type you want not rearing, I will just as gladly not rear porkers. Are there any advantages in not rearing rare breeds such as Saddlebacks or Gloucester Old Spots, or are there too many people already not rearing these?

As I see it, the hardest part of this programme will be keeping an accurate record of how many pigs I haven't reared. Are there any Government or Local Authority courses on this?

My friend is very satisfied with this business. He has been rearing pigs for forty years or so, and the best he ever made on them was £1,422 in 1968. That is - until this year, when he received a cheque for not rearing any.

If I get £3,000 for not rearing 50 pigs, will I get £6,000 for not rearing 100? I plan to operate on a small scale at first, holding myself down to about 4,000 pigs not raised, which will mean about £240,000 for the first year. Then I can afford to buy an airplane.

Another point is that these pigs I plan not to rear will not eat 2,000 tonnes of cereals. I understand that you also pay farmers for not growing crops. Will I qualify for payments for not growing cereals to not feed the pigs I didn't rear? I am also considering the "not milking cows" business, so please send any information you have on that too. Please could you also include the Government information on set aside fields? Can this be done on an e-commerce basis with virtual fields?

In view of the above you will realise that I will be totally unemployed, and will qualify for unemployment benefits.

Also as I entered the UK illegally a few years ago, but know how generous the government is in liberally paying benefits to all immigrants (whether legal or not), so I'm sure you can also include housing benefit and exemption from council tax.

I shall of course vote for you at the next general election.

Yours faithfully,

Nelson M'bote (Farmer)

***

Paraprosdokians

1. Where there's a will, I want to be in it.

2. The last thing I want to do is hurt you ...but it's still on my List.

3. Since light travels faster than sound, some people appear bright until you hear them speak.

4. If I agreed with you, we'd both be wrong.

5. We never really grow up -- we only learn how to act in Public.

6. War does not determine who is right, only who is left.

7. Knowledge, is knowing a Tomato is a Fruit. Wisdom is not putting it in a Fruit Salad.

8. To steal ideas from one person is Plagiarism. To steal from many is Research.

9. I didn't say it was your Fault, I said I was blaming You.

10. In filling out an Application, where it says, "In case of an Emergency, notify" .
I answered " A Doctor"

11. Women will never be equal to men until they can walk down the street with a Bald Head and a Beer Gut, and still think they are sexy.

12. You do not need a Parachute to Skydive. You only need a Parachute to Skydive twice.

13. I used to be indecisive, but now I'm not so sure.

14. To be sure of hitting the Target, shoot first and call whatever you hit the Target.

15. Going to Church doesn't make you a Christian, any more than standing in a Garage makes you a Car.

16. You're never too old to learn something Stupid.

17. I'm supposed to respect my Elders, but it's getting harder and harder for Me to find someone older than Me.

18. Better to remain silent and appear a fool than to speak up and remove all doubt.

Words that can mean something different from how they sound - a new branch of humour?
Abacus - Swedish swear word
Alaska - Consult my girlfriend
Awestruck - Where a cockney puts his ponies
Barbecue - A long line of dolls
Buoyant - An ant which isn't a girl
Chairs - Toast by the Queen
Chuckling - A very short throw
Colonnade - A fizzy enema
Delight - Make things go darker
Equip - Online joke
Extractor Fan - Person who used to like farm machinery
Gelatine - Device for beheading jelly babies
Godspeed - It's raining
Granary - Old folks' home
Hiding - A bell you can't reach
Impeccable - Bird proof
Intelligent - A man on TV
Intense - Camping
Khaki - Device for starting car
Knowing - Unable to fly
Laminated - Pregnant sheep
Lassé fair - A sheepdog festival
Maisonette - Tiny freemason
Megahertz - Extremely painful
Metabolics - Unimpressed with metaphysics
Microbe - Tiny dressing gown
Minimal - Small shopping centre
Mirth - A French moth
Motorway - Britain's leading mote removal company
Negligent - Male lingerie
Nicotine - To arrest a youth
Octagon - A dead octopus
Paintings - Jamaican paracetamol
Parasites - View from the Eiffel Tower
Physiology - The study of effervescence
Plaintiff - Argument with flight attendant
Primark - The first coat of paint applied by Noah
Property - Decent cuppa
Scandal - Footwear to be ashamed of
Snuff Box - Coffin
Stopcock - Chastity belt
Trumped - Talked down to by a xenophobic, mentally challenged, sexist bigot
Tumbling - jewellery for your belly button
Ukraine - Machine for lifting female sheep
At last, an alternative dictionary. Umlaut - Hesitant thug
Warehouse - To forget your address
Xerox - French archaeology

***

***

Celebrated Epigrams

Told by an emissary of Darius the Great, King of Kings, that the Spartan army arrayed against his invading Persians would face so many arrows that “They will blot out the sun!” the response was “All the better! We shall fight in the shade!”

According to Socrates (an unverified attribution) ‘By all means, marry. If you get a good wife, you'll become happy; if you get a bad one, you'll become a philosopher!’

The agitator John Wilkes when apostrophized: “Sir, you will die of a pox (venereal disease) or on the gallows!” responded: “Sir! that depends on whether I embrace your mistress or your principles!”

“Mr Churchill! You are drunk!” “Yes…” replied the great man “And you are ugly. And tomorrow I will be sober!”

There are of course no end of examples in anthologies and elsewhere:

 ----

Suppose you were an idiot. And suppose you were a member of Congress...  But I repeat myself.
     .......Mark Twain

I contend that for a nation to try to tax itself into prosperity is like a man standing in a bucket and trying to lift himself up by the handle.
     .......Winston Churchill

A government which robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the support of Paul.
     .......George Bernard Shaw

A liberal is someone who feels a great debt to his fellow man, which debt he proposes to pay off with your money.
     .......G. Gordon Liddy

Democracy must be something more than two wolves and a sheep voting on what to have for dinner.
     ......James Bovard

Foreign aid might be defined as a transfer of money from poor people in rich countries to rich people in poor countries.
     ...Douglas Casey

Giving money and power to government is like giving whiskey and car keys to teenage boys.
     .......P.J O'Rourke

Government is the great fiction, through which everybody endeavors to live at the expense of everybody else.
     .......Frederic Bastiat (1801-1850)

Government's view of the economy could be summed up in a few short phrases:  If it moves, tax it.  If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidize it.
     ......Ronald Reagan

I don't make jokes.  I just watch the government and report the facts.
      ......Will Rogers

If you think health care is expensive now, wait until you see what it costs when it's free.
      ......P.J. O'Rourke

In general, the art of government consists in taking as much money as possible from one party of the citizens to give to the other.
      ......Voltaire (1764)

Just because you do not take an interest in politics doesn't mean politics won't take an interest in you.
      ......Pericles (430 B.C.)

No man's life, liberty, or property is safe while the legislature is in session.
      ......Mark Twain

Talk is cheap ... except when Congress does it.
      ......Unknown

The government is like a baby's alimentary canal, with a happy appetite at one end and no responsibility at the other.
      ......Ronald Reagan

The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of the blessings.  The inherent blessing of socialism is the equal sharing of misery.
      ......Winston Churchill

The only difference between a tax man and a taxidermist is that the taxidermist leaves the skin.
      .....Mark Twain

The ultimate result of shielding men from the effects of
      folly is to fill the world with fools.
      .....Herbert Spencer, English Philosopher (1820-1903)

There is no distinctly native American criminal class...save Congress.
      .....Mark Twain

What this country needs are more unemployed politicians.
      .....Edward Langley

A government big enough to give you everything you want, is strong enough to take everything you have.
      .....Thomas Jefferson

Sometimes, when I look at my children, I say to myself: "Lillian, you should have remained a virgin."
….Lillian Carter (mother of {President Jimmy Carter)

I had a rose named after me and I was very flattered. But I was not pleased to read the description in the catalogue: "No good in a bed, but fine against a wall." ….Eleanor Roosevelt

Last week, I stated this woman was the ugliest woman I had ever seen. I have since been visited by her sister, and now wish to withdraw that statement.
…..Mark Twain

The secret of a good sermon is to have a good beginning and a good ending; and to have the two as close together as possible.
…..George Burns

Santa Claus has the right idea. Visit people only once a year.
…..Victor Borge

Be careful about reading health books. You may die of a misprint.
…..Mark Twain

I was married by a judge. I should have asked for a jury.
…..Groucho Marx

My wife has a slight impediment in her speech. Every now and then
she stops to breathe.
…..Jimmy Durante

I have never hated a man enough to give his diamonds back.
…..Zsa Zsa Gabor

I’m a good housekeeper. Whenever I divorced, I kept the houses.
…..Zsa Zsa Gabor

He is so unlucky he got run over by an ambulance
…..St John Irvine

My luck is so bad that if I bought a cemetery, people would stop dying.
…..Rodney Dangerfield

Money can't buy you happiness .. but it does bring you a more pleasant form of misery.
…..Spike Milligan

I can’t hear too much Wagner! Every time I hear Wagner I want to go out and conquer Poland !
…..Woody Allen

I am opposed to millionaires... but it would be dangerous to offer me the position.
…..Mark Twain

Until I was thirteen, I thought my name was SHUT UP.
…..Joe Namath

I don't feel old. I don't feel anything until noon. Then it's time for my nap.
……Bob Hope

We could certainly slow the aging process down if it had to work its way through Congress.
…..Will Rogers

Don't worry about avoiding temptation. As you grow older, it will avoid you.
…..Winston Churchill

Maybe it's true that life begins at fifty ... but everything else starts to wear out,
fall out, or spread out.
…..Phyllis Diller

By the time a man is wise enough to watch his step, he's too old to go anywhere.
…..Billy Crystal

War is God’s way of teaching Americans geography.
….Ambrose Bierce

 “How many people here have telekinetic powers? Raise my hand.”
….. Emo Philips

The only mystery in life is why the kamikaze pilots wore helmets.”
…. Al McGuire

“The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits.”
….Einstein                                                                                                                    

“At every party there are two kinds of people – those who want to go home
and those who don’t. The trouble is, they are usually married to each other.”
….Ann Landers

“Have you noticed that all the people in favor of birth control and abortion
are already born?”
….Benny Hill

“The surest sign that intelligent life exists elsewhere in the universe is that it has
never tried to contact us.”
…. Bill Watterson

“My favorite machine at the gym is the vending machine.”
….Caroline Rhea

“If you live to be one hundred, you’ve got it made. Very few people die past that age.”
….George Burns

***

And finally, a humourist from the East:

“Too many birthdays is a major cause of death”
….Yogi Berra

NB The sage Sadguru can be very amusing.

***

Amusing one-liners anonymously left at different venues

Many bon mots reach public attention if coined by someone famous but why should it matter from the standpoint of inherent humour who thought them up?

I just read that 4,153,237 people got married last year, not to cause any trouble but shouldn't that be an even number?

Today a man knocked on my door and asked for a small donation towards the local swimming pool. I gave him a glass of water.

If I had a dollar for every girl that found me unattractive, they would eventually find me attractive.

I find it ironic that the colours red, white, and blue stand for freedom until they are flashing behind you.

When wearing a bikini, women reveal 90% of their body... men are so polite they only look at the covered parts.

A recent study has found that women who carry a little extra weight, live longer than the men who mention it.

Relationships are a lot like algebra. Have you ever looked at your X and wondered Y?

America is a country which produces citizens who will cross the ocean to fight for democracy but won't cross the street to vote.

Did you know that dolphins are so smart that within a few weeks of captivity, they can train people to stand on the very edge of the pool and throw them fish?

My therapist says I have a preoccupation with vengeance. We'll see about that.

I think my neighbour is stalking me as she's been googling my name on her computer. I saw it through my telescope last night.

Money talks ...but all mine ever says is good-bye.

You're not fat, you're just... easier to see.

If you think nobody cares whether you're alive, try missing a couple of payments.

I always wondered what the job application is like at Hooters. Do they just give you a bra and say, “Here, fill this out?”

I can’t understand why women are okay that JC Penny has an older women's clothing line named, “Sag Harbor.”

My therapist said that my narcissism causes me to misread social situations. I’m pretty sure she was hitting on me.

My 60 year kindergarten reunion is coming up soon and I’m worried about the 175 pounds I’ve gained since then.

Denny’s has a slogan, “If it’s your birthday, the meal is on us." If you’re in Denny’s and it's your birthday, your life sucks!

The pharmacist asked me my birth date again today. I'm pretty sure she's going to get me something.

On average, an American man will have sex two to three times a week. Whereas, a Japanese man will have sex only one or two times a year. This is very upsetting news to me. I had no idea I was Japanese.

The location of your mailbox shows you how far away from your house you can be in a robe before you start looking like a mental patient.

I think it's pretty cool how Chinese people made a language entirely out of tattoos.

Money can't buy happiness, but it keeps the kids in touch.

Friends don't let friends take home ugly women
Men's restroom, Starboard, Dewey Beach, DE

Beauty is only a light switch away.
Perkins Library, Duke University, Durham, NC

If life is a waste of time, and time is a waste of life, then let's all get wasted together and have the time of our lives.
Georgetown University, Washington, DC

Remember, it's not, "How high are you?" it's Hi, how are you?"
Rest stop off Route 81, West Virginia

No matter how good she looks, some other guy is sick and tired of putting up with her shit.
Men's Room Linda's Bar and Grill, Chapel Hill, NC

At the feast of ego everyone leaves hungry.
Bentley's House of Coffee and Tea, Tucson, AZ

It's hard to make a comeback when you haven't been anywhere.
Written in the dust on the back of a bus, Wickenburg, AZ

Make love, not war.. Hell, do both GET MARRIED!
Women's restroom, The Filling Station, Bozeman, MT

If voting could really change things, it would be illegal.
Revolution Books New York, New York.

If pro is opposite of con, then what is the opposite of progress?  Congress!
Men's restroom, House of Representatives, Washington, DC

Express Lane: Five beers or less
Sign over one of the urinals Ed Debevic's, Phoenix, AZ

You're too good for him.
Sign over mirror in Women's restroom
Ed Debevic's, Beverly Hills,CA.

No wonder you always go home alone.
Sign over mirror in Men's restroom,
Ed Debevic's, Beverly Hills,CA

If it has tires or testicles, you're going to have trouble with it.
Women's restroom, Dick's Last Resort, Dallas, TX

Sign over a Gynecologist's Office:
"Dr. Jones, at your cervix."

In a Podiatrist's office:
"Time wounds all heels."

On a Septic Tank Truck in Oregon:
Yesterday's Meals on Wheels

At a Proctologist's door
"To expedite your visit please back in."

On a Plumber's truck:
"We repair what your husband fixed."

On a Plumber's truck:
"Don't sleep with a drip. Call your plumber.."

Pizza Shop Slogan:
"7 days without pizza makes one weak."

At a Tire Shop in Milwaukee:
"Invite us to your next blowout."

On a Plastic Surgeon's Office door:
"Hello. Can we pick your nose?"

At a Towing company:
"We don't charge an arm and a leg. We want tows."

On an Electrician's truck:
"Let us remove your shorts."

On a Maternity Room door:
"Push. Push. Push."

At an Optometrist's Office
"If you don't see what you're looking for, you've come to the
right place."

On a Taxidermist's window:
"We really know our stuff."

On a Fence:
"Salesmen welcome! Dog food is expensive."

At a Car Dealership:
"The best way to get back on your feet - miss a car payment."

Outside a Muffler Shop:
"No appointment necessary. We hear you coming."

In a Veterinarian's waiting room:
“Be back in 5 minutes. Sit! Stay!"

At the Electric Company:
"We would be delighted if you send in your payment.
However, if you don't, you will be."

In a Restaurant window:
"Don't stand there and be hungry, Come on in and get fed up."

In the front yard of a Funeral Home:
"Drive carefully. We'll wait."

At a Propane Filling Station,
"Thank heaven for little grills."

Sign in a French Cinema:
Please remember to switch your mobiles on when leaving the cinema

In a Bangkok temple:
It is forbidden to enter a woman, even a foreigner, if dressed as a man!

Cocktail lounge, Norway:
Ladies are requested not to have children in the bar!

Doctor's office, Rome:
Specialist in women and other diseases!

Dry cleaners, Bangkok:
Drop your trousers here for the best results!

In a Nairobi restaurant:
Customers who find our waitresses rude ought to see the manager!

On an Athi River highway:
This is the main road to Mombasa, leaving Nairobi. Take notice: when this sign is under water, this road is impassable!

On a poster at Kencom:
Are you an adult that cannot read? If so, we can help!

In a City restaurant:
Open seven days a week and weekends!

A sign seen on an automatic rest room hand dryer:
Do not activate with wet hands!

In a cemetery:
Persons are prohibited from picking flowers from any but their own graves!

Tokyo hotel's rules and regulations:
Guests are requested not to smoke or do other disgusting behaviours in bed!

On the menu of a Swiss restaurant:
Our wines leave you nothing to hope for!

In a Tokyo bar:
Special cocktails for the ladies with nuts!

Hotel, Yugoslavia:
The flattening of underwear with pleasure is the job of the Chambermaid!

Hotel, Japan:
You are invited to take advantage of the chambermaid!

In the lobby of a Moscow hotel overlooking a Russian Orthodox monastery:
You are welcome to visit the cemetery where famous Russian and Soviet composers, artists, and writers are buried daily except Thursday!

A sign posted in Germany's Black Forest
It is strictly forbidden on our black forest camping site that people of different sex, for instance, men and women, live together in one tent unless they are married with each other for this purpose!

Hotel, Zurich:
Because of the impropriety of entertaining guests of the opposite sex in the bedroom, it is suggested that the lobby be used for this purpose!

Advertisement for donkey rides, Thailand:
Would you like to ride on your own ass!?

The box of a clockwork toy made in Hong Kong:
Guaranteed to work throughout its useful life!

In a Swiss mountain inn:
Special today - no ice-cream!

Airline ticket office, Copenhagen:
We take your bags and send them in all directions!

Many bon mots reach public attention if coined by someone famous but why should it matter from the standpoint of inherent humour who thought them up?

I just read that 4,153,237 people got married last year, not to cause any trouble but shouldn't that be an even number?

Today a man knocked on my door and asked for a small donation towards the local swimming pool. I gave him a glass of water.

If I had a dollar for every girl that found me unattractive, they would eventually find me attractive.

I find it ironic that the colours red, white, and blue stand for freedom until they are flashing behind you.

When wearing a bikini, women reveal 90% of their body... men are so polite they only look at the covered parts.

A recent study has found that women who carry a little extra weight, live longer than the men who mention it.

Relationships are a lot like algebra. Have you ever looked at your X and wondered Y?

America is a country which produces citizens who will cross the ocean to fight for democracy but won't cross the street to vote.

Did you know that dolphins are so smart that within a few weeks of captivity, they can train people to stand on the very edge of the pool and throw them fish?

My therapist says I have a preoccupation with vengeance. We'll see about that.

I think my neighbour is stalking me as she's been googling my name on her computer. I saw it through my telescope last night.

Money talks ...but all mine ever says is good-bye.

You're not fat, you're just... easier to see.

If you think nobody cares whether you're alive, try missing a couple of payments.

I always wondered what the job application is like at Hooters. Do they just give you a bra and say, “Here, fill this out?”

I can’t understand why women are okay that JC Penny has an older women's clothing line named, “Sag Harbor.”

My therapist said that my narcissism causes me to misread social situations. I’m pretty sure she was hitting on me.

My 60 year kindergarten reunion is coming up soon and I’m worried about the 175 pounds I’ve gained since then.

Denny’s has a slogan, “If it’s your birthday, the meal is on us." If you’re in Denny’s and it's your birthday, your life sucks!

The pharmacist asked me my birth date again today. I'm pretty sure she's going to get me something.

On average, an American man will have sex two to three times a week. Whereas, a Japanese man will have sex only one or two times a year. This is very upsetting news to me. I had no idea I was Japanese.

The location of your mailbox shows you how far away from your house you can be in a robe before you start looking like a mental patient.

I think it's pretty cool how Chinese people made a language entirely out of tattoos.

Money can't buy happiness, but it keeps the kids in touch.

Friends don't let friends take home ugly women
Men's restroom, Starboard, Dewey Beach, DE

Beauty is only a light switch away.
Perkins Library, Duke University, Durham, NC

If life is a waste of time, and time is a waste of life, then let's all get wasted together and have the time of our lives.
Georgetown University, Washington, DC

Remember, it's not, "How high are you?" it's Hi, how are you?"
Rest stop off Route 81, West Virginia

No matter how good she looks, some other guy is sick and tired of putting up with her shit.
Men's Room Linda's Bar and Grill, Chapel Hill, NC

At the feast of ego everyone leaves hungry.
Bentley's House of Coffee and Tea, Tucson, AZ

It's hard to make a comeback when you haven't been anywhere.
Written in the dust on the back of a bus, Wickenburg, AZ

Make love, not war.. Hell, do both GET MARRIED!
Women's restroom, The Filling Station, Bozeman, MT

If voting could really change things, it would be illegal.
Revolution Books New York, New York.

If pro is opposite of con, then what is the opposite of progress?  Congress!
Men's restroom, House of Representatives, Washington, DC

Express Lane: Five beers or less
Sign over one of the urinals Ed Debevic's, Phoenix, AZ

You're too good for him.
Sign over mirror in Women's restroom
Ed Debevic's, Beverly Hills,CA.

No wonder you always go home alone.
Sign over mirror in Men's restroom,
Ed Debevic's, Beverly Hills,CA

If it has tires or testicles, you're going to have trouble with it.
Women's restroom, Dick's Last Resort, Dallas, TX

Sign over a Gynecologist's Office:
"Dr. Jones, at your cervix."

In a Podiatrist's office:
"Time wounds all heels."

On a Septic Tank Truck in Oregon:
Yesterday's Meals on Wheels

At a Proctologist's door
"To expedite your visit please back in."

On a Plumber's truck:
"We repair what your husband fixed."

On a Plumber's truck:
"Don't sleep with a drip. Call your plumber.."

Pizza Shop Slogan:
"7 days without pizza makes one weak."

At a Tire Shop in Milwaukee:
"Invite us to your next blowout."

On a Plastic Surgeon's Office door:
"Hello. Can we pick your nose?"

At a Towing company:
"We don't charge an arm and a leg. We want tows."

On an Electrician's truck:
"Let us remove your shorts."

On a Maternity Room door:
"Push. Push. Push."

At an Optometrist's Office
"If you don't see what you're looking for, you've come to the
right place."

On a Taxidermist's window:
"We really know our stuff."

On a Fence:
"Salesmen welcome! Dog food is expensive."

At a Car Dealership:
"The best way to get back on your feet - miss a car payment."

Outside a Muffler Shop:
"No appointment necessary. We hear you coming."

In a Veterinarian's waiting room:
“Be back in 5 minutes. Sit! Stay!"

At the Electric Company:
"We would be delighted if you send in your payment.
However, if you don't, you will be."

In a Restaurant window:
"Don't stand there and be hungry, Come on in and get fed up."

In the front yard of a Funeral Home:
"Drive carefully. We'll wait."

At a Propane Filling Station,
"Thank heaven for little grills."

Sign in a French Cinema:
Please remember to switch your mobiles on when leaving the cinema

In a Bangkok temple:
It is forbidden to enter a woman, even a foreigner, if dressed as a man!

Cocktail lounge, Norway:
Ladies are requested not to have children in the bar!

Doctor's office, Rome:
Specialist in women and other diseases!

Dry cleaners, Bangkok:
Drop your trousers here for the best results!

In a Nairobi restaurant:
Customers who find our waitresses rude ought to see the manager!

On an Athi River highway:
This is the main road to Mombasa, leaving Nairobi. Take notice: when this sign is under water, this road is impassable!

On a poster at Kencom:
Are you an adult that cannot read? If so, we can help!

In a City restaurant:
Open seven days a week and weekends!

A sign seen on an automatic rest room hand dryer:
Do not activate with wet hands!

In a cemetery:
Persons are prohibited from picking flowers from any but their own graves!

Tokyo hotel's rules and regulations:
Guests are requested not to smoke or do other disgusting behaviours in bed!

On the menu of a Swiss restaurant:
Our wines leave you nothing to hope for!

In a Tokyo bar:
Special cocktails for the ladies with nuts!

Hotel, Yugoslavia:
The flattening of underwear with pleasure is the job of the Chambermaid!

Hotel, Japan:
You are invited to take advantage of the chambermaid!

In the lobby of a Moscow hotel overlooking a Russian Orthodox monastery:
You are welcome to visit the cemetery where famous Russian and Soviet composers, artists, and writers are buried daily except Thursday!

A sign posted in Germany's Black Forest
It is strictly forbidden on our black forest camping site that people of different sex, for instance, men and women, live together in one tent unless they are married with each other for this purpose!

Hotel, Zurich:
Because of the impropriety of entertaining guests of the opposite sex in the bedroom, it is suggested that the lobby be used for this purpose!

Advertisement for donkey rides, Thailand:
Would you like to ride on your own ass!?

The box of a clockwork toy made in Hong Kong:
Guaranteed to work throughout its useful life!

In a Swiss mountain inn:
Special today - no ice-cream!

Airline ticket office, Copenhagen:
We take your bags and send them in all directions!

 

Doubting Thomas

Is he right in this secular context?  Nothing in this website is to be swallowed wholesale.

It is not starry-eyed about all of the latest discoveries and theories.

The visitor to this site is emphatically asked to form his or her own opinion.

All voices should be heard.

That does not mean, at the end of the day, it is ‘six of one and half a dozen of the other’. This attitude is a peculiarly English malaise though it can also be glimpsed in the politeness of the Japanese and the vigorous Cartesian line that is a hallmark of French intellectuals. The very process of being balanced morphs into being magisterial; this of itself tends towards thinking that there is something to be said for all sides. But sometimes it is a case of right – or wrong. Further, the calm consideration of a given view so as to get it balanced may result in legitimately becoming angry when one wasn’t before.

This website will occasion controversy in some quarters.  Here is what Dan Remenyi writes about one of its’ central lines of argument:

I am struck by the incongruity of the idea that somehow reflection could be catalogued as a subsection of Western Meditation or for that matter meditation be a subset of reflection. I see these two concepts are entirely different.

For the purposes of simplicity, I will use the Wikipedia definitions of Meditation and Reflection. Meditation is described as a practice in which an individual uses a technique – such as mindfulness, or focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity – to train attention and awareness and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable. Reflection is the act of giving something serious thought. Using dictionaries, thesaurus and just common English usage there is no direct connection between the concepts of meditation and reflection. The Wikipedia definition is how I use the word meditation. On one of your webpages, you cite an extract from a Jewish prayer which says “And can I better employ this holy Sabbath than in endeavouring to exalt my mind, and purify my soul, than by meditation on Thy Holy Law, by prayer, and by the severe examination of my thoughts and actions… Then my body will enjoy rest, my heart elevated in gratitude, and my faith and courage sustained by meditation and prayer; thus will my soul be prepared for eternity.

The use of the word meditation here conveys a different idea which is neither what I call meditation nor reflection. In the religious context here the word meditation is being used to describe the process of focusing on a sacred object to reach a state of some tranquillity. It is much more like the way a mantra is used in proper meditation itself.

I see the word reflection as bringing to mind a number of things. Firstly, to reflect is necessary to pause and concentrate. Secondly reflection means engaging in active thought on a specific subject. Thirdly, the active thought needs to be in the form of asking questions such as:

  1. What precisely am I doing?
  2. What do I really know for sure about what I am doing?
  3. What are the expected consequences of my current trajectory.

There is another level of questioning, and this is generally referred to as using reflexivity. Reflexivity employs a different level of questioning. The “what” word is often replaced with the “why” word can be quite problematic. In practicing reflexivity the questions would now address issue such as:

  1. Why am I doing this thing?
  2. Why do I think that what I am doing matches up with my values?

Do you, the visitor to this website, accept what is said above?

The oxygen of  publicity, good or bad, can make the difference between a new theory being stillborn or it growing robust.

What actuates some critics of new theories, particularly as regards the significane of scientific findings?

          Are the views of sceptics always to be trusted?

          Pooh-poohing is often convincing to people bombarded with information. “Let’s believe ‘Trip Adviser’, its contributors have no axe to grind!” Look no further! Speed on! Next!

There is a distinction to be made between theories that are just plumb wrong or ill-researched, and those which have been over-hyped in the past and which may yet contain a germ of useful information.  For centuries, for instance, the idea that a person might have an aura was thought indicative of some shamanistic or mystical branch of recondite knowledge about the unseen world but through the researches firstly of William Kilner there seems to be a clear demonstration of the fact that people do have auras, and they can give useful information for instance about the state of a person's health.  That need not be such a surprising fact given scientific discoveries.  Bodies give off impulses and 'waves'.

If no establishment endorses the labour, dedication, bravery, honesty or creativity of the inventor - portrayed sometimes in the common mind as poring over midnight oil in garrets - they are easy game to those in the copper-bottomed institutions of academia. Some critics are a prey to jealousies… to a tendency to iconoclasm…to a dislike of any challenge to well-trodden paths but…:

Are some critics – as is indubitably the case - genuinely concerned that the public or experts or leaders may be duped by a new-fangled but ultimately misconceived idea spawned by the Swivel-eyed?  Scientists and philosophers can get it wrong.

It behoves us all to keep an open mind.

Several lecturers and authors mentioned on the website have run into controversy, even mockery.  If there is disagreement over the main thrust of their arguments, does it mean that they have nothing at all of interest to say?

Under New Religion on this website, there is much made of 'Synchronicity'.  Below is what one correspondent to the institute has written:

'...Synchronicity is not about randomness but in fact, just the opposite, as it displays an orchestrated set of events which seem to mimick thoughts, answer questions or enlighten the recipient, often waymarking a beneficial or divine path for them.

The laws of nature do not change, it is rather the human understanding of them which expands.

The fact that we understand very little gives the appearance of the natural laws changing when in fact it is just we humans who have too narrow a grasp of what is going on...'

Sacred Geometry underpins the entire laws of the universe and encompasses all disciplines both above and below, a perfect harmonic order with intelligent design behind it. The randomness theory is pushed to make us less powerful, confident and secure and also reduce trust in faith or religion, as chaos not divne order and purpose or soul progression is the first tenet of The New World Order and its demonic anti-God minions....'

-----

The sceptically-inclined can be justified in casting brickbats upon the waters.  It is arguable that fuel is provided to this approach for instance by:

How We Are Being Misled About The Science of Consciousness by Gerald R. Baron

The large gap between science consensus and what the public believes has come to light on a number of topics: climate change, GMOs, safety of vaccination, and so on. One of the biggest gaps may be what science says about the mind-brain connection and what the public is told science says about that through popular media.

Or, again:

Why People Believe Weird Things by Michael Shermer.

A theme of this Institute is that Certainty about almost everything that matters is a will-o’the-wisp. The most that we humans usually can hope for is Probability. We easily err in cleaving to beliefs with too much adhesive or passion. The biter should be prepared to be bit. Sceptics can deserve a taste of their own medicine even where it is useful in setting the scene for progress.

It is far from the purpose in this Virtual Agora for Occidental Mediation to inject vinegar into the body politic. Compassion, love, harmony rules the roost, prithee please! ‘No Name so No Shame’ reads a tablet of stone on our rose-bestrewn pathway. A critique - without name or co-ordinates given here though it is on the internet - of the magisterial work The Tao of Physics pointed out that little mention was made in it of the hard-won scientific work that went into the experimental results and conclusions. it was also said that the case made for an overlap between mysticism and science did not stand up. Here is a taster of the powerful style of the criticism:

‘Starting with reasonable descriptions of quantum physics, he (Capra) constructs elaborate extensions, totally bereft of the understanding of how carefully experiment and theory are woven together and how much blood, sweat, and tears go into each painful advance.’

Some may think that notion calls to mind a dyspeptic grampus aiming a pea-shooter at a trail-blazing comet. Parallels in the book are pointed in a learned and informative way. It is irrelevant in the context if advances of science are hard-won. A major tenet in the book was that the Eastern mind-set in general is less conducive to surprise at the findings in Physics than that of the more Western mind as they corroborate what has been intuitively known for millennia to mystics. The author undoubtedly is an expert in both these fields. It is a legitimate point of view and may sometimes lead on to a new respect for a time-honoured but now much discarded way of thinking.

It has been said before in the rubrics of this institute that a conclusion is less than the sum of the parts, some of which may be excellent – as is the case in this hugely informative, must-read book that sold in its’ millions.

The Baha’i Religion

There are plans for an Abrahamic Family House, a centre comprising a synagogue, a church and a mosque, that are being unveiled in New York, and being discussed in Abu Dhabi.   The idea that the Abrahamic Faiths should co-exist peacefully as do the Hindu and Buddhist faiths where the respective temples can be placed side by side has recently received a fillip from a new religion today that seems to take more account of most of the above issues than most others.  It is the Baha’i faith.

If there is to be a religion, why not one that attempts to reconcile the different ideas of all religions, one that does not upset deeply-held beliefs?   Jews, Christians, Muslims can also be Bahai’s.

Bahai’s say prayers like those of the other religions if shorn of what some might see as their controversial historical baggage.  Ir would seem that almost all of the main tenets of all religions are shared with the Baha'i' faith.  The Baha’i Faith enjoins justice as being supreme.  It forbids criticism of anyone else on the grounds of their religion.  It advocates a world government to deal with problems arising in the human family, which should be united.  Its founder has a biography from recent times that withstands scrutiny and his visions were witnessed.  Baha’u’llah is said to be in the line of descent from all major prophets. He is a candidate for being a man adapted to the requirement of our modern era, with a set of moral precepts for the good of all.  It is the world’s fastest growing religion, persecuted as it might be in Iran.  Prescriptions for society of today are addresed by this modern religion.   If the power of religious faith can be harnessed to a belief in, and loyalty to, a system by which society is run, the cause of International Order might be served by the Bah’ai Faith and its stress on the usefulness of both science and reflection augur well.  

Western vis-a-vis Eastern Meditation

 'Reflection' merits pride of place on the plinth now occupied by 'Meditation'.

Marcus Aurelius, the Roman Emperor, wrote 'Meditations' but nowadays it would be better described as 'Reflections'.  The word ‘meditation’ seems to have acquired a capital ‘M’.  It has an orientation towards the oriental.  Westerners have a vantage point on cogitation that has been long in the brew.  Excellent and varied as are Eastern traditions it behoves us to tread warily on some of their wilder shores.  The time is ripe for Reflection to come back into its own.  We can borrow from the best of both traditions.

Eastern-style Meditation, in the sense now generally understood, has techniques that range from breathing exercises and mantras to help muffle the ebb and flow of thoughts and transport votaries to a far-reaching destination, reaching into Essence, reaching to the Stars.  Finding Yourself, ridding oneself of petty concerns, excising individual personality and so forth come into it.  It ideally leads to a peak of joy.  Who would say 'No' to that!  Pity the man who wallows a lifetime in the shallows without dipping a toe into such happiness.  Some forms of Meditation may bring about all that is claimed of them but on occasion might this Wish List be a bridge too far?

Sir Harold Nicolson, with the eighteenth century in mind, stated:  'Once the sober and excellent organised disciplines of religion are removed, the resultant vacuum is filled by frivolous ideas and cabalistic superstitions'.   It is a sceptical starting point from which to reflect on the trends.   Much is to be said, of course, for infusing ourselves into a cosmos-lit upland that owes much to faiths originating in the East.  There doubtless can be such a tip-top type experience for the asking but some people might pause a moment.  Will it follow to order from a belief in this goal?  Truly enlightened people know their own exalted minds but ordinary folk surely need to think long and hard before being over-ambitious against their better judgement.  The impressive target of a form of supra-consciousness!   Ecstasy!  Nirvana!  A metamorphosis of sorts!  Yes, please!  Unless - perish the thought! - a soupçon of self-delusion is involved.  Splendid as it is to travel ‘there’, some people without their realising it may not see that, in Alice B. Toklas’ phrase, ‘When one gets there, there is no there there!’

Is that very shocking to suggest?

We should be as certain as possible about why we want to do things.

          A large part of why people like to meditate is because they recognise a need to set apart a space to do an unostentatious thing, reflection.  How many of those who go in for a Meditation Session separate this goal from that which they might have wanted to achieve, unschooled and uninfluenced by others?   Reflection - in the ordinary sense of the word - can be the ingredient that takes one where one really wants to go.   It has no need to call into play the bru-ha-ha of cult or ritual.

          People like a ‘purpose’ that is respectable, justifiable.  The fons et origo of their wish can be to simply sit quietly and reflect on life.  Meditation as a practice - as often conceived nowadays - can come from that deep-seated wish.  It happens that, without clarifying the distinction, we tend to conflate a fashionable idea about meditation with the humbler goal of what we may wish to achieve.  A prejudice has crept in against, for instance, silently staring into space.  It is fine today to say 'I am doing my Meditation'.  We may not be following our own lodestar - our own wish - as much as we like to think when we go in for Meditation with all its' bells and whistles.

          The wish to be an observer of ourselves is enjoined on us in some Meditation systems.  The crux idea in this context is to look down on ourselves and see ourselves from an outside perspective.  It may be that it is the perspective of being an observer, itself, rather than plumbing the deeps for a picture of our place in the universe, that is the key to this.  It can be that we just want to get things in proportion, get a handle on our attitudes, see things from the standpoint of what matters when it comes to our lives on this earth, rather than when set against the eternal truths of our spirit.

Is it de rigeur to undergo the rituals - however pragmatic their basis - of much of the approved preparation for Meditation?

          Take ‘clearing the mind’ to quiet the onrush and jumble of thoughts that often close in on us if we want to have a stillness of mind: sometimes it is the stillness itself that we want rather than to actually stop our thinking.   This deluge of ideas and emotions is what we are often told takes us away from our essence.  It may be the case but why throw the baby out with the bathwater?   Why are our own thoughts such an enemy that we should strive to get rid of them altogether even for a short while?  Our stream of consciousness is one of the things that make us human.  Our feelings are a large part of us.  Heart, brain and, no doubt, guts all are a factor in our unqiue consciousness.  It might come from an animating spirit that lies behind the physical organs that laboratories identify as a locus.  A slowing down of the mind as per much of prescribed Meditation is controversial if taken too far, for all its vogueishness.   Thinking is human; and we are human.   'I think, therefore I am', says Rousseau.  Dr Johnson, the great diarist, had a point when decrying a stoppage in the track of thought: ‘The cow in the field (if it could talk) would say: here I am in this field with this grass, ‘what being could enjoy greater felicity'?’

          A pillar of Meditation is to get into the right frame of mind.  That preparation may feed a need simply to ease up on the throttle.  A slight shift from the norms of timetabled active life to take time out for Reflection can suffice to get one’s brain and thinking processes in order.  A lit candle, say, or some gentle background music put on - Musak, say, but  preferably not singing, which tends to be more intrusive. Some Meditation sects in the East kick-start sessions with a bout of belly-laughing to ginger participants into a happy mood and generally imbue their thinking with a sense of proportion.   How these groups are able to belly-laugh on cue isn’t too clear; perhaps a Swami doubles as a stand-up comic or a Master of Ceremony calls out a number from a shared list of jokes consensually found hysterically funny?  Meditators in the West tend not to overdose on slapstick and aim for calm equilibrium of mind, as do indeed most people who wish to reflect.

In general terms, is there a difference between the mindset of the East and that of the West?

          The global village has been urbanised.  New age people, South American tribes, people from far afield in the East share cyber-space with the First World when being drawn to Meditation.  It can be that our fundamental thinking wells out of a Collective Unconscious, as Karl Jung posited.  If so, it seems odd that there is a single Collective Unconscious.  Did it exist at the time, for instance, that the major religions were founded when there was no communication whatsoever between peoples separated by vast distances.  Are there different Collective Unconsciousness-es or aspects of a Collective Unconscious that are more accentuated in one region rather than another?  One way or the other, there are arguably differences in the wellspring of thinking that distinguishes the East from the West...

          There are learned studies on the difference between Eastern Meditation and Christian Meditation.  In Eastern Meditation, as Madeline Pena observes, the goal is to empty one’s mind with the intention to connect with essential nature.  Christian meditation has the goal of filling one’s mind with Scripture with the intention to connect with God.   In terms of different personality type, it is held for instance by Christophe Allain that an alignment of chakras comes more readily to a person of Eastern background when seated without movement whereas this chakra alignment works to better effect in his Western counterpart when engaged in athletic activity.

          Many and controversial may be the supposed differences in the mind-sets of people around the globe.  Whatever the political correctness, most think that there in general are different types of thinking going on in different countries or continents.  For present purposes, a towering authority is Karl Jung.  His view was that the oriental psyche is more oriented towards understanding man’s nature than the psyche of the Occident which is more directed towards the exterior world.  The Orient has a spirituality of self-deliverance centred on man whereas the mainly Christian Occident is moved more by a faith in a Divine exterior.  The Oriental wants to finalise or complete man's sense of the world by an affirmation of the spirit that is facing the material world.  He looks for a true sense in man's nature.  Man, here, is the measure of self-realisation.  The Occidental faces outward or upward towards Divine revelation.   They are complementary.   Vive la Difference!  Or, indeed: Vive plussieurs des differences!   That said, some Oriental teachers like Lama Chogyam Ripoche in 1971 laid into would-be devotees of Eastern traditions going as far as to refer to 'the spiritual materialism of the Occidentals who 'consume' Oriental spiritualities to nourush their egos like they consume everything else.'


          A question of ego - of who are you and I? - is among the differences in what is here called the Eastern from a Western approach.  Jung wrote:  'It is through our emotions and feelings that we have consciousness of ourselves with the strongest acuteness.'   Individuation is the name of this game, rather than aiming to trying an find ourselves in an overarching Universal Spirit.  There are intellectual problems with this concept in any case, for all the arguably wishful thinking that we may be destined to repair to a strata which for instance may include the cleansed spirit of Adolf Hitler!  The goal of being able to direct personal thoughts and then rise above them as an observer, see them for what they are, re-evaluate them much as we can do in dreams recalling them in wakefulness, may tell us sufficient of what we need or want to know about …ourselves, both individually and as a species.  It is a far cry from the notion that arose first mainly in the Orient that we need to rid ourselves of our ego, our human feelings, and gravitate to our true essence and our ethereal Home.

Are we trying to run before we can walk?

          If a Universal Soul and Enlightenment - by whatever name - is to be our eventual destination (assuming we acquit ourselves favourably in tests of various conjectural stripes for it) why should we try and wrest control of the process.  Are we trying to arrogate to ourselves the role of godhead?  Prescriptions by gurus and their ilk as to an attainment of enlightenment can hardly go beyond the physical ‘apparatus’, the mortal clay in which men are fashioned.  In terms of concepts, too, there may be limits set upon our true, deepest understanding of worlds beyond this earth, and flesh and blood.  Buddha accepted that we are grounded on earth and - to what is here called the 'Western mind' at least - this is the fact of the matter: why say that what we actually are is somehow 'wrong' and we need to do all that we can to rise completely above it.  Some parts of the proverbial 'Bishops' Egg' that is our makeup may be excellent.

          A 'Western' aim of reflection need not be glamorous or ambitious.  Common sense and contentment can take precedence over Bliss and Nirvana while we are incarnated as human beings.  We can console ourselves that, if nothing else, All good things come to he who waits.  We can get our kicks, our ecstasy maybe, elsewhere, without decking it out in exotic robes and philosophies.

What of the idea that we should transcend our ego in Meditation?

         One mainstay of oriental meditation is that it is partly designed to uplift a practitioner out of his ego.  In the very act of trying to do this, one can concentrate more on oneself than normal.  One approach is to become aware of one’s own body.  The concentration on self often goes on to the point where is easy to fall into the trap of a form of ego-centricity (as distinct from ‘vanity’) by another name.  There is a distinction between ‘what we are in’ and ‘who we are’ and some ‘oriental meditation’ can focus attention on the latter question.

          Rishika Anya, as reported in Quora, is a proponent of meditation; it ‘…purifies and replaces (the ego) unifying it with Divine Essence’.  Anya refers to some potential pitfalls

‘…the ego senses its imminent end, and it fights back. That's when the hard work starts. You'll stare into the mirror and not recognize yourself or know exactly how you got there. Your name/career/lifestyle/partner won't fit anymore. You'll see all the toxicity and dysfunction in close relationships and have to struggle with how to handle them. Friends will sense your new energy and feel threatened by it because it touches on their own lies. They start to drift away and loneliness shows up. The ego will whisper to you it's not worth it. Who did you think you were, anyway, waking up like that? You go to war with yourself…. You will wonder if you're going crazy. There will be dark nights of the soul. You may feel like an alien in your own body and in a sense you are…’

Ouch!

In 'reflection' as normally considered in the West, there is not the same emphasis on the perfecting of the self as is the tendency in 'Eastern' approaches; more encouragement is given to a free-wheeling ambit covering a range of subject matter which goes beyond self-absorbtion - salutary as that may be.

When we sink into meditative trances the better to attain self-awareness, we can make a good start by asking whether this is the one and only true goal.  What is it that makes ‘me’ tick?  What is important to oneself and one’s loved ones, or that which makes the best use of the gifts with which we are personally endowed?   We may for instance see a need to fuse a perspective of the long-term with exigencies that arise day by day.  This may provide ample matter on which to justifiably reflect.

There may be no certainty anywhere in life and usually the most that is to be hoped is probability. The likelihood is forming of a habit can lead on to the habit becoming second nature.  There are advantageous repercussions in any given context of forming the habit of quietly thinking by and for oneself.  It may not necessarily lie in the specific conclusions reached during a process of reflecting but in the habit acquired.  The more one does of a thing the better at it one gets.  Few people think of training intuition but most agree that it comes from one knows not where and quietness of mind can help coax it to the surface of the mind.  One can train the mind as well as the memory.  Enhancing intuition is not to be done from one day to the next.  Spirituality and suchlike intangibles fall into the same category; there is more chance that they can be brought into the open by concentration.

There is a growing backlash against some of the extreme injunctions of Eastern fashion.  Frederic Lenoir, to give one example, talks of the widescale self-deception of people who wish to deny their emotions and their essential humanity. (See the 'Spiritual Matters' section of this website)

In the Dark Age that preceded the Middle Ages or in the millions of years following the Big Bang before the Cosmic Dawn, there was a protracted ‘foggy’ period, albeit one essential for a gestation to take place. Thus, arguably, with us.  Our personal lives in many ways mirror the history of our species.  Wandering thoughts may be a form of recapitulation of the chaos from which we emerged before rational conclusions came to light.

Aids to self-contemplation and Meditation may lead to a Greater Truth but there is more than one Greater Truth.  One such truth about life is that it should be lived according to exigencies that come up.  Rise to the Empyrean, plumb the nature of our Essence, detach from the pettiness of life, scoop up the candy of consumerism, hedonism and materialism, treat the body as a temple, and the rest, all these may lead to profound personal fulfilment.  All roads lead to Rome!  Especially in the Western world!   One aim of meditation - reflection! - can be on a plane suited to the needs of ourselves and of society.  It may be only low-hanging fruit but its kernel may lead us to our inherent divine spark.

Let us Reflect when others take time out to Meditate.

***

More about Reflection as defined in this virtual Institute can be found in particular under GUIDING PRINCIPLES and REFLECTION AS AN ACADEMIC SUBJECT .

Above might be a feline interpretation of 'Ying' and 'Yang'; though these terms often are used there are concepts in the West such as 'Opposites attract' that all told amount to much the same.  Human experience is shared despite differing formulations of it.  Thus too with meditiation.

In a Session of Reflection

"Well, this is how I'm feeling today.  It felt a bit different yesterday. Never mind. I am now alone with myself. What do I think and feel?

"It feels true - and it is being true to myself.

"A thought:  It also may be a being in touch with The Other when ‘the other’ is - at least in part - myself.

"A feeling:  The tentacles or threads from within me that stretch outwards to the outside world are more liable to be soothed.  It is a settled home for me - from which I all too often eject myself.  It is my true North even if (a thought:) in the perspective of the world outside, I - we - are realised more in action or in narratives that overlook much of this essence of what we are about.

"A feeling: There is a wordless awareness of skin, a boundary of my-self.  It is a self-absorbed stillness.  It radiates with a slight ‘weightiness’ from the hub of my heart and with an un-heated sort of warmth in my head. It is like being outside of myself yet centred in myself.

"Gentle physical sensation predominates.  As it should, in this session of calm reflection.  I'm gravitating to what is pleasant.  There is a lazy-ish feeling of contentment that I've got this far in my life and projects.   In so far as I can identify the locus of my feelings, they seem to be more in my head - cranium? - as today they are of a logical variety though seem to have been more in the region of the chest when they were related to love or to angriness.  It seems to me, here, that I'm deliberately ..... using my head.  I do have a wish to distract my mind from unpleasantness.  As I'm on a physically even keel, a flocculent, enveloping, generalised sensation seems to creep in.  Its happy.

"An inside voice clings to a higher, nameless realm that may be watching down on me - a ‘realm’ that is part of me.  Looking in at, or down on, myself it seems as if I accentuate the dominant sensations of my life at this general moment in time, a sort of general contentment in thinking of a particular stage that I have reached in my journey through life - or of my loved ones. 

How to fuse in my mind my deeper feelings about those I love - what they mean to me and have always meant to me - with how to deal with matters in the relationship that crop up day by day?  It is like a bystander seeing an aircraft flying overhead with thinking about what it would be like to be in the cockpit.

It is a bit different from some times when I've been walled out of contentedness by a concern or alarm at an obstacle in front of me that I must outface.  That's like a sensation of first night nerves that a theatre actor has - prompting better performances.

"Drat!  What was that slight stinging sensation in my finger!  So often, there is a particular physical sensation that distracts and so predominates when I'm trying to meditate.  It is almost as if it does it deliberately!  An itching finger, say, makes immersion in quiet self-contemplation problematic.  Of course, if there is some really worrisome issue,  it may manifest itself in a slightly febrile or jittery sensation.  That's appearing to be in the region of the chest.

"So, in what does this inner life consist if I try and look at it head on and define it?

"The mental mechanism for dealing with a question - a ‘questing’ - is mainly a logical process.  It's distinct from relaxing quietly to listen to one’s inner voice...OR is this my inner voice of the here and the right-now.  It is a ‘conscious’ sort of question.  The normal way of considering such questions is in deliberate cogitation - unless a habit is formed through which such questioning becomes a second nature - is like trying to unravel any knotty problem.  A contemplation of my place in the whole scheme of the world is both conceptual and emotional.

"The problem of understanding ‘the intangible’ is not to be underestimated.  How often have I had this thought!

"The logical question of what it is that animates me - what I am au fond - brings me up against what I've defined as ‘The Blur’ - 'soul' and 'spirit' and the rest of the synonyms are so freighted with baggage and I really do not know what it is that I'm trying to identify save in a very general sense, in other words it is to me a Blur.  That is the difficulty of putting into words what is going on in our inner life.  And almost all the things that are so important to any of us seem to fit into this category.  We turn our eyes away, or have them turned away, from the essence of what matters to us!  Language has not developed to expound this knowingness of who we are, if indeed it ever could be so developed.  So many intangibles defeat subtle and truly penetrating depiction in words.  I suppose that one aspect of this is in part because of how communal thinking, in which we share, has developed.  Maybe it is an illustration of the general resistance in society’s thinking to puffing up any one member of it - save as an exemplar of how members of society generally should feel.  The pressure on what to think and what not to think is part of how language, culture and thoughts work.  A Japanese person for instance, it can be said, thinks of himself more as a component part of his society than as an individualised person (hence the phenomenon of WW2 kamikaze, pilots etc).

"There I go again, thinking thoughts.  I'm supposed to be meditating.  But I AM meditating.  And there is a feeling associated with these thoughts.  I'm feeling as if I'm close to myself.  I'm aware of myself in a familiar kind of a way, as a cosy relationship with someone I've always known.  A slight weightiness in my chest perhaps but the language to describe my feeling about my feeling isn't really helpful, save that I do myself know what I mean.  It perhaps isn't something I was designed to convey?

"The language to describe an atmosphere is not exactly rich. So… what are I to think, given that the tool of vocabulary is rough-hewn?  'Gut feelings' may be right but then we should feel them in …our own guts?

"What is wrong with putting thoughts as such, thought, on a pedestal?  Why has feeling got to take over everything; surely one can have both thoughts and feelings and even if one wells out of the other that does not give one or the other a sort of superior status in the pecking order - the pecking order is after all also a human construct...It may seem a novel idea that a thought can rate in importance as high as a material entity but it has been thought about before...., leastways George Orwell was thought to be breaking new ground in his dystopian 1984 where Winston Smith was not allowed to die till cleansed of every last subversive idea....

"Now my thinking of yesterday all comes back to me, in one interwoven ball, so to speak.  Is this what the mystics call mind-chatter?  If so, what is so wrong with trying to get it clear in my head.  It is clear through scientific findings that there is a powerful - perhaps an all-powerful - unseen world. It actuates the physical world.  Initially (ie to former generations) invisible entities appear in branches of physics.  There is a physical or DNA link between the body and the mind.  Scientific work has been done on the locus of thoughts and feelings. Where is situated in the body the filament in a character that a given situation can light up?  The fact that a ‘filament’ in a character is not visible or tangible is far from proof that it is not there.  Has the ‘dictating’ spirit of a person a specific and material correlation in the body?  Is the mental component primary or is it causal?  Can character traits be passed across generations?   ..... Must come back to that musing.

"More random thoughts follow.....It is easy enough to dismiss such ideas as random, but facile to do so surely, and the importance of 'random' developments anyway is another apparent finding of science in our time.  The Duke of Marlborough and his descendant, Winston Churchill, also the Earl of Chatham and his son, William Pitt: they all saved the day for England in its hours of greatest peril. The person inclined to scoff at the science might jib: ‘Does the fact that the scions of just two families in four crises showed their true mettle imply that they possessed an inherited ‘Save Great Britain’ gene…?’ Is the dismissal of those who only believe in what they can see or touch to be taken as gospel?

"How do I know such apparent non-sequiturs are random?  If, as some think, there is a power in the universe that guides us, and if time is circular, perhaps there is a purpose in what seems random but just is not clear to me at the moment, and this thought about the Churchill family may come into useful play in a situation that I'm just not seeing at the moment.

"Perhaps this is all rumination?  But there is something free-ranging, something pleasant about it.  I can think what I like.  I am only accountable to perhaps my own conscience?   I do not want to encourage wrong-headed tendencies in myself else they will grow normal to my way of thinking; and from that trouble can start.... No-one need read or see or hear what I'm thinking.  My own private thoughts...   Reflection often involves descending into its chosen subject matter from the vantage point of contemplating it ‘from above’.  Most reflection is not of a purely abstract nature but has a grounding in some facet of our lives or daily concerns.

"So apart from my love-interest - and I'm not following in that track of thinking at the moment - DAMMIT THERE HAS JUST BEEN A KNOCK ON THE DOOR!  CAN ONE NOT HAVE A MOMENT TO ONESELF!  THINK ONE'S OWN THOUGHTS.  SEE WHERE THEY LEAD.  WATCH THEM.

"You know what 'calmness' is when someone disturbs it!

"Maybe sheer calm is a form of bliss - in the form we can understand.  The prayers of old speak of the 'blessed contentment' that is a foretaste of the eternal sabbath...

"Where was I?  Oh yes, just trying to wrap up into some form of digestible summary some vague but - to me, interesting - thoughts that have been flitting around in my head these past few days...  OK, action time, back to the fully awake or conscious world, let's try and get the conclusions down into the computer:"

****

Notes for the record of this session

'Can we ‘come back to’ or revisit our past while we are embodied on earth?  Some advances of science seem to open up a hypothetical possibility that we will be put in a position to Time Travel. If so, it seems an odds-on possibility that we will be only able to do this much as in the way that a spirit is said to visit earth; it is much as if we are obliged to follow the code of conduct required for a Playboy Bunny: ‘You can look but you can’t touch!’  One problem with the idea of glimpsing the sum total of what went on in the past is that there are unlikely to be no-go areas in the Re-Visit.  Think of it: we all erect barriers around ourselves but the watchful sprites might see us in the toilet!  Allegorical warnings abound. Remember that juicy apple on the Tree of Knowledge?  Or Icarus with wings frazzled from flying too close to the sun!   We can hanker too much after knowledge for our own good. If there was proof of an Afterlife -100% definite proof, with no ‘ifs or buts’ - then everything changes, including reasons for following any moral code; after all, there may be no escaping the way that we will be hauled before ...a vision of how we acquitted ourselves while coiled up in this mortal coil.

The vast panorama of life and Beyond Life is but one pearl in the oyster of what we are licensed to think about if we are not being led by Teachers to have their teachings insinuated into our thoughts, right down into the private depths in our minds that we perhaps have not fully fathomed.

‘Meditation’ nowadays especially in an Eastern sense evokes inter alia a reaching into an Essence of the self and/or up to an Empyrean. This may be an all-encompassing Universal Soul.

If this is the case is such an indivisible entity nevertheless stratified to envelop more than one type or tier of the soul?  Some people believe that there can be a soul of a tribe or a nation?

If this is the case is such an indivisible entity nevertheless stratified to envelop more than one type or tier of the soul?  Some people believe that there can be a soul of a tribe or a nation?

In considering such questions, and the related question of posing them in the right way, the speculative mind has found a groove that may take it away from one form of meditation into a realm whereby the deeper questions are like some sort of puzzle. There is a time to get one’s basic thinking done. One should not go round in circles. They can turn into prejudices and self-brainwashing. That idea sits side by side with the fact that one should think afresh and constantly be aware. We live in a mental world; and our being aware of our physical surroundings is only a part of it. The practice of constant re-evaluation and thinking for oneself is not a time-consuming one; the mentality fostered in the process of meditation can help us in many contexts in our lives. One’s mind can settle into a groove; the thoughts of a younger self, for instance, often are trotted out so that one accepts without new questions the verdicts of a younger generation on the old when one is old oneself, reinforcing the self-brain-washing.

Much of all this comes down to a simple precept: ‘Look before you leap’ rather than make avoidable mistakes.'

***

"Tomorrow, if I have a session of reflection. it may turn out to be utterly different from that of today.

Life is an adventure and there is no saying what we will be thinking or what will be happening tomorrow and all sensations to us mortals take place in our minds and so one might as well try and have an adventure that is safe, and in the mind."

Medicine

Who in the West sits up at the name of Ms Youyou Tu?

Malaria is a killer epidemic with records in traditional Chinese medical literature dating from the Zhou Dynasty. Three thousand years ago Zhou Lia published his findings. Youyou Tu took from them what she found relevant for a cure in the twentieth century. And if ‘Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold’ was published more recently in the Tang Dynasty of 618–907 A.D., Youyou Tu was not fussed

A trove of literature in China compiled over aeons show how plants have remedies for ill health but the Western medical establishment tends to cock a snook at the Eastern approach. Some would say that we overdo nationalist kudos in lauding discoveries here rather than in China, now rather than in antiquity. The efficacy of doctored cheese mould for a penicillin cure is down to a Scot, Fleming, in a Brit laboratory, in 1928, as is well known but you might read here first that it was Youyou Tu’s extraction of the artemisinin which inhibits malarial parasites that paved the way to the cure for malaria. Countless millions of those cured of malaria do not know the name of Ms Tu, who was admittedly working under a Communist state blanket of secrecy, ‘National Project 523’.

We are one human family and our shared world of flora and even fauna is a vital basis for most pills. Time and place is not the only key that turns the lock of discovery; we all can have something of value to say to one another. The holistic cure, an all-round way of looking at psychology and medicine, has a genesis in ancient Chinese thinking; and it is increasingly seen that acupuncture, the bedside manner, the cures of the blessed Saints, the effect of positive feelings like well-being and optimism, the Placebo Effect, herbalism, and the inter-relatedness of different parts of the body, have a part to play in curative treatment, and that they can be complementary rather than right or wrong.

Few well-designed clinical trials and systematic research reviews suggest that Ayurvedic approaches to medicine are effective but perhaps there could be more scientific testing? To take one example, the results from a 2013 clinical trial compared two Ayurvedic formulations of plant extracts against the natural product glucosamine sulfate and the drug celecoxib in 440 people with knee osteoarthritis. All four products provided similar reductions in pain and improvements in function.

What if the discoveries that might still be made if the ideas of the ancients and so-called primitive peoples were seen as offering a useful guide for experiment? It is said that the creature on earth that is best adapted to survive the radioactivity of a nuclear holocaust is a scorpion. This is not something we could deduce from first principles or from logic. Perhaps there is some distilled potion secreted by a scorpion's gland that would be of benefit in protective clothing for use in power stations? The fruit - if it is that - of some palm tress has no known use for man and is inedible. Does it grow without any assignable purpose or is it that no one is looking for such a possible purpose?

The West takes belief in modern discovery and methods a bridge too far. What would an average Chinese person think of the eminent Australian nutritionist (name withheld for reasons of preserving family harmony) who said to a Beethoven lover: “What do you see in a composer who has been dead for over a hundred years!”  😅

Quotation from the AMA ‘Journal of Ethics’: The history of Western medicine chronicles a struggle between two opposing ideologies of patient care. On one hand, the integrative Hippocratic view; on the other, the specialization view, with an ethically problematic depersonalization of the patient that coincides with the rise of pathologic anatomy and medical technology in the early modern era. Although the modern dominance of pathologic anatomy has yielded centuries of medical progress, at times it threatens to divide and reduce the patient to a silent sum of mechanistic parts. Recent changes in medical education have begun to address the need for holistic medical care. Only with careful attention to both the individuality of illness and the universality of disease etiology can physicians most effectively care for their patients.

If this is a promising avenue for medicine to explore, there is clearly some way to go.

Democracy vis-à-vis other Political Systems

The spending bill is actually the creation of a national debt so massive that it has the means to destabilize a democracy dependent on a functioning economy.

- Lawrence Kadish

The above quotation arrests attention, as do thousands and thousands like it. Serious commentators commenting on serious issues - some doomsayers, some constructive analysts - are everywhere, urging on readers attention and, on policy makers, action. Which men of vision have it in them, or does fate intend, to be the original thinkers, the men who change the course of history with their platform for action if democracy is found on occasion not fit for purpose?

What exactly is wrong with democracy per se as a political system? Which system is ideal? Such questions are not for this paper - but what sort of thinking should go on in the conclaves who can put forward good ideas? Ingredients in ‘the petri dish’ as above are called into play; here the attitudes of mind suited for the purpose are to the fore:

You and I, right now, are metaphorically seated in armchairs in ivory towers; what do we know for sure? This is the wrong sort of position from which to hurl our thunderbolts or to advise those charged with weighty decisions on how to put things right.

How far do Petri Dish drives skew judgement? Wishful thinking? Does our wish for an Authority Figure go hand in hand with a temptation to look for his feet of clay? How far do we delude ourselves that we could do better? Are we inclined to go for binary judgementalism, simplicity as to right and wrong? ‘Give a dog a bad name and hang him’ or a good name, and exalt him?

The habit has grown of seeing leaders in homely terms, brought into living rooms on TV as if the thoughts of those in ruling positions are subject to the same laws and considerations that apply to each of us, the same moral imperatives.

  • What counts above all? A policy that can affect millions or a backsliding morality in personal terms?

  • If a democracy goes wrong and is unfit for purpose at one stage, does this mean it is always unfit for purpose in other situations?

  • How free are we from personal prejudice; how open-minded are we, to be able to come to objective evaluations?

  • Politicians may be venal but how do we know what pressures are brought to bear on them? How far do we blame nameless advisers for the policies they espouse? How full was the intelligence or understanding on which pivotal decisions turned? Do we expect infallibility of men? How far is it too easy to say what is right when the responsibility for taking action does not lie with the pundit? The mind is concentrated when real as opposed to academic questions are involved. How far should ideology give way to practicality? How confident can we be that we have got things right? How confident can we be that we have hoisted in all the considerations in all the learned tracts on all the books written or words spoken by the cognoscenti? How far, after we have imbibed as much information as we can do we trust our guts, or unconscious mind, to impel us in the right direction?

  • How would a better system work in practice, remembering always that history is littered with examples of those who would change the world for the better and the consequences of their actions resulted in worse befalling?

  • Characteristics that propel a winner forwards at the hustings are not necessarily those that earmark him or her for efficient high office.

Law cases are decided by jury – why should the principle be confined to the workings of the law? So many institutions at present throughout the world, the United Nations included, and though language of objectivity is used, are the mouthpieces of interest groups. The principle of selecting people for office, often disqualifying those who put themselves forward, may be the obverse side of a joke by Groucho Marx: ‘I wouldn’t join any club that would have me as a member.’ And what sort of people would be selected and by who? Help may be at hand in the shape of psychometric tests and Artificial Intelligence but a flair or creativity often is called for in identifying the right type of personality or culture to fit any given post.

Questions of this nature can go on ad infinitum and are removed from the cut and thrust of political decision-making but some iota of the thinking could start to permeate general thinking about how to fashion democratic institutions anew. Leaving aside the question of personal political choice and supporters of present and past Presidents, is there really no better system in the USA with his 332,643,210 citizens that can produce better incumbents than have been elected? It seems as though the best brains these days fight shy of the hurly-burly of politics and enter other professions; perhaps this is a result of factors in society outside politics, for instance the media or the adversarial system,. in which case there could be working partis to consider the problem. Because it IS a problem. Why should a man who joins a party because his views are in line with it in foreign policy, say, cleave to the party line on social policy? There was no odium automatically attachable to Churchill on his ‘crossing the floor of the house’. Customs have changed but not necessarily for the better.

That said, the dangers of ‘social engineering’ are not to be underestimated. There need not be major changes but piecemeal additives to boost the right-thinking mind-set, perhaps courses of mental training for civic duty, open-mindedness, assessments of possible unexpected ramifications of challenging situations, abstraction in as rounded a way as possible from petty or kneejerk considerations of the day, a clear assessment of situations as they are or might hypothetically happen with as reduced a component of ideological pleading as possible, comparison with alternatives drawn from as wide a range of contexts and countries. As it is, it is all left very much to chance and the ideas of voting multitudes, non expert in the questions as issue, have disproportionate power, with chance feelings about particular issues often winning the day and the luck of idiots’ votes on opposing sides cancelling one another out. In England the House of Lords does much useful overseeing but an official Council of Elders, say, charged with examination of the system as a whole as opposed to specific potentially outdated parts, might be a useful step forward to ensure the ongoing good health of a democracy.

The findings of such a study could have persuasive value. There is unlikely to be any quick fix but much to commend a right-thinking attitude.

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THE ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM

Much of what is below is commonly accepted; little enough substantively speaking is done about it save in some individual cases. An overall picture of what many of us may think idly about English Law may serve to file some teeth of legal watchdogs?

If the law supposes that," said Mr. Bumble, squeezing his hat emphatically in both hands, "the law is an ass — a idiot. If that's the eye of the law, the law is a bachelor; and the worst I wish the law is, that his eye may be opened by experience — by experience.”

- Charles Dickens

***

We all but give up on the ideal of Fairness for All as being attainable. We shrug our shoulders at the manifest cases of injustice that can shock. High flown language and a magisterial line is taken, while at the same time we wish to believe that justice is fair in our systems. And yet, and yet, there are so many cases of manifest injustice meted out in law courts that a body constituted to continuously review the system as a whole, as opposed to the piecemeal progress that comes from individual cases before the Court of Appeal in England and law-making in Parliament often owing much to public outcry rather than steadfast principle.

The idea that there is a threshold point in almost all systems known to man and nature after which the rules - that have held good up till that point – no longer apply does not seem to have permeated the thinking of the legal profession. (See above section on ‘the threshold point’).

A legal framework could hardly function if there were no set principles but that is not the be-all and end-all in having a legal framework. There are other purposes such as Justice. In some of the greatest law-giving systems in antiquity exceptions to the rule were built into the system. Both Elijah (see Book of Ruth) and Gideon were allowed even to take the name of the Lord in vain when circumstances for the preservation of the law justified it.

The Napoleonic Code and Common Law are not the same; and have different laws; which is right, and in which circumstances? A law of precedent proceeds in essence from the wisdom of the past but is this right in all circumstances at a present time? It can seem to a lay observer that much of divorce law, for instance, hails fundamentally from a time when there was no major career path open to women but that of marriage; how fit is that from an age of Women’s Rights and equality of the sexes?

We are amused at the proverb that it ‘rains more on the Just than the Unjust because the Unjust steals the Just’s umbrella.’ We snigger that the Emperor Caligula planned to make his favourite horse, Incitatus, a Consul but seem resigned to a Justice system where the law is said to be an ass. We object to Sharia courts being set up in this country because we are all to be under one law where Certainty Rules OK - but isn’t Justice itself in each individual case in often unique circumstances the priority? In a Loya Jurga in Afghanistan, tribal Elders, who know of the circumstances of disputants, gather in a circle and hear all sides and their rulings are respected by common consent. In England, it is virtually the opposite case, where acquaintance with a disputant allows a judge to abstain from involvement in case. If two opponents in a civil lawsuit both opt for an arbitrator of their ken, this idea has no chance of success. In ancient China, courtrooms could be replaced by homely settings for mealtimes, the idea being that the breaking of bread with adversaries round a table was more likely to induce a compromise acceptable to all sides.

Law like religion has to be a code for everyone not tailor-made for any individual; there is no help for it but the fact should be acknowledged. In the British legal system, any juror or Judge who knows the disputants personally is excused from duty on the case. The idea is to take an objective line, free of personal prejudice. In affairs where a large and specialised corpus of knowledge is called for, commercial law for instance, the application of good sense to a given situation may not be enough, it being understood neither side might be guilty in the sense of having evil intent, but that is not the case in many situations involving, for instance, diplomacy and politics. Juries and arbitrators can be called to discuss law, so the same principle might be legitimately in play in other areas of our lives, and, importantly, as in the legal instance just cited, they would be more likely to be seen as free of the taint of personal interest.

What is needed above all is Fair Dealing but sometimes the chance of that happening depends on extraneous circumstances like the fact that our courts are overloaded with backlogs so arbitration panels like ACAS, where simple common sense prevails, are pressed into service.

Categories rule, OK! Or not OK? Some civil cases are more civil than others. When does a difference in degree become a difference in kind? In some civil cases, another tier of justice might be institutionalised comprising, say, of arbitrators, or of citizens, who know the dramatis personae. Is it always the case that arbitrators who do not know the squabbling parties can best determine the rights and wrongs? Each, ideally, according to its’ circumstances rather than of one size fits all. If both parties in a civil dispute wish for and agree to be bound by a juridical panel on whose composition they agree, it might be fairer than sometimes the prohibitively high cost, often more unfair on one side, involved in the current customary procedures. Why should those with deeper pockets be more likely to secure verdicts congenial to them and often be able by virtue of their resources be able to bring an action in the first place? Where is the justice in that?

It will be said that there is no way on this earth that an ideal of fairness is within reach, so what is needed inter alia are sensible rules and certainties. It is a good argument as far as it goes but it is not the only argument. The very attempt at implementation of a perfect system itself can displace pieces of an overall mosaic; the best constitution ever, according to some, the Wiemar Consitution of 1932, fell flat at the first gusts of strong wind. The English legal system ideally may be about fairness for all but is that the whole truth of it and nothing but the truth?

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